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Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as an efficient method for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) and is widely adopted within the open-source community. However, the decentralized dissemination of LoRA adapters through platforms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Linzhi Chen , Yang Sun , Hongru Wei , Yuqi Chen

Federated Learning enables collaborative training of a global model across multiple geographically dispersed clients without the need for data sharing. However, it is susceptible to inference attacks, particularly label inference attacks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Zhixuan Ma , Haichang Gao , Junxiang Huang , Ping Wang

Federated Learning (FL) has been recently receiving increasing consideration from the cybersecurity community as a way to collaboratively train deep learning models with distributed profiles of cyber threats, with no disclosure of training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin , Domenico Siracusa

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising distributed learning approach that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a shared global model. However, recent studies show that FL is vulnerable to various poisoning attacks, which can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Xinyu Zhang , Qingyu Liu , Zhongjie Ba , Yuan Hong , Tianhang Zheng , Feng Lin , Li Lu , Kui Ren

Federated Learning is a machine learning setting that reduces direct data exposure, improving the privacy guarantees of machine learning models. Yet, the exchange of model updates between the participants and the aggregator can still leak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Pablo Montaña-Fernández , Ines Ortega-Fernandez

Federated learning is a technique that allows multiple entities to collaboratively train models using their data without compromising data privacy. However, despite its advantages, federated learning can be susceptible to false data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Or Shalom , Amir Leshem , Waheed U. Bajwa

Federated learning (FL) allows distributed participants to train machine learning models in a decentralized manner. It can be used for radio signal classification with multiple receivers due to its benefits in terms of privacy and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-23 Han Zhang , Medhat Elsayed , Majid Bavand , Raimundas Gaigalas , Yigit Ozcan , Melike Erol-Kantarci

Institutions with limited data and computing resources often outsource model training to third-party providers in a semi-honest setting, assuming adherence to prescribed training protocols with pre-defined learning paradigm (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Xuan Wang , Siyuan Liang , Dongping Liao , Han Fang , Aishan Liu , Xiaochun Cao , Yu-liang Lu , Ee-Chien Chang , Xitong Gao

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning technique that facilitates collaboration among participants across demographics. FL enables model sharing, while restricting the movement of data. Since FL provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Harsh Kasyap , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu , Carsten Maple , Somanath Tripathy

Backdoor attack has emerged as a novel and concerning threat to AI security. These attacks involve the training of Deep Neural Network (DNN) on datasets that contain hidden trigger patterns. Although the poisoned model behaves normally on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Huasong Zhou , Xiaowei Xu , Xiaodong Wang , Leon Bevan Bullock

Federated learning is a decentralized machine learning approach where clients train models locally and share model updates to develop a global model. This enables low-resource devices to collaboratively build a high-quality model without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Li Bai , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Haoyang Li , Leixia Wang , Jianliang Xu

Most machine learning applications rely on centralized learning processes, opening up the risk of exposure of their training datasets. While federated learning (FL) mitigates to some extent these privacy risks, it relies on a trusted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Georgios Syros , Gokberk Yar , Simona Boboila , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Alina Oprea

Balancing robust security with strong privacy guarantees is critical for Risk-Based Adaptive Authentication (RBA), particularly in decentralized settings. Federated Learning (FL) offers a promising solution by enabling collaborative risk…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yaser Baseri , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid , Dimitrios Makrakis , Hamidreza Fereidouni

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning method for training with private data locally stored in distributed machines without gathering them into one place for central learning. Despite its promises, FL is prone to critical security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Duong H. Nguyen , Phi L. Nguyen , Truong T. Nguyen , Hieu H. Pham , Duc A. Tran

Insider threats usually occur from within the workplace, where the attacker is an entity closely associated with the organization. The sequence of actions the entities take on the resources to which they have access rights allows us to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-23 R G Gayathri , Atul Sajjanhar , Md Palash Uddin , Yong Xiang

In a federated learning (FL) system, malicious participants can easily embed backdoors into the aggregated model while maintaining the model's performance on the main task. To this end, various defenses, including training stage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Henger Li , Chen Wu , Sencun Zhu , Zizhan Zheng

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training among mutually distrusting parties. Model updates, rather than training data, are concentrated and fused in a central aggregation server. A key security challenge in FL is that an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Pau-Chen Cheng , Kevin Eykholt , Zhongshu Gu , Hani Jamjoom , K. R. Jayaram , Enriquillo Valdez , Ashish Verma

Federated learning (FL) enables training of a global model while keeping raw data on end-devices. Despite this, FL has shown to leak private user information and thus in practice, it is often coupled with methods such as differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jie Xu , Haaris Mehmood , Rogier Van Dalen , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Mete Ozay

With the swift advancement of deep learning, state-of-the-art algorithms have been utilized in various social situations. Nonetheless, some algorithms have been discovered to exhibit biases and provide unequal results. The current debiasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Shangxi Wu , Qiuyang He , Jian Yu , Jitao Sang

Existing research primarily focuses on backdoor attacks and defenses within the generic federated learning scenario, where all clients collaborate to train a single global model. A recent study conducted by Qin et al. (2023) marks the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Tiandi Ye , Cen Chen , Yinggui Wang , Xiang Li , Ming Gao