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Due to the distributed nature of Federated Learning (FL), researchers have uncovered that FL is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, which aim at injecting a sub-task into the FL without corrupting the performance of the main task. Single-shot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Tian Liu , Xueyang Hu , Tao Shu

Federated learning (FL) allows a set of agents to collaboratively train a model without sharing their potentially sensitive data. This makes FL suitable for privacy-preserving applications. At the same time, FL is susceptible to adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Mustafa Safa Ozdayi , Murat Kantarcioglu , Yulia R. Gel

Traditional distributed backdoor attacks (DBA) in federated learning improve stealthiness by decomposing global triggers into sub-triggers, which however requires more poisoned data to maintian the attck strength and hence increases the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jian Wang , Hong Shen , Chan-Tong Lam

Federated learning enables multiple clients to collaboratively contribute to the learning of a global model orchestrated by a central server. This learning scheme promotes clients' data privacy and requires reduced communication overheads.…

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while preserving data privacy, but it is highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Most existing defense methods in FL have limited effectiveness due to their neglect of the model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xinhai Yan , Libing Wu , Zhuangzhuang Zhang , Bingyi Liu , Lijuan Huo , Jing Wang

Recent studies have shown that federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to poisoning attacks that inject a backdoor into the global model. These attacks are effective even when performed by a single client, and undetectable by most existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Sebastien Andreina , Giorgia Azzurra Marson , Helen Möllering , Ghassan Karame

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enables different parties to train a model together for high quality and strong privacy protection. In this scenario, individual participants may get compromised and perform…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Kaiyuan Zhang , Guanhong Tao , Qiuling Xu , Siyuan Cheng , Shengwei An , Yingqi Liu , Shiwei Feng , Guangyu Shen , Pin-Yu Chen , Shiqing Ma , Xiangyu Zhang

Federated learning allows multiple participants to collaboratively train a central model without sharing their private data. However, this distributed nature also exposes new attack surfaces. In particular, backdoor attacks allow attackers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Zhaoxin Wang , Handing Wang , Cong Tian , Yaochu Jin

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular distributed machine learning paradigm that enables jointly training a global model without sharing clients' data. However, its repetitive server-client communication gives room for backdoor attacks with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Pei Fang , Jinghui Chen

Federated learning allows clients to collaboratively train a global model without uploading raw data for privacy preservation. This feature, i.e., the inability to review participants' datasets, has recently been found responsible for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yihang Lin , Pengyuan Zhou , Zhiqian Wu , Yong Liao

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries alter model behavior on target classification labels by embedding triggers into data samples. While these attacks have received considerable attention in…

Federated learning allows multiple users to collaboratively train a shared classification model while preserving data privacy. This approach, where model updates are aggregated by a central server, was shown to be vulnerable to poisoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Chien-Lun Chen , Leana Golubchik , Marco Paolieri

Despite the promise of Federated Learning (FL) for privacy-preserving model training on distributed data, it remains susceptible to backdoor attacks. These attacks manipulate models by embedding triggers (specific input patterns) in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Tuan Nguyen , Dung Thuy Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

Federated learning (FL) attempts to train a global model by aggregating local models from distributed devices under the coordination of a central server. However, the existence of a large number of heterogeneous devices makes FL vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Wenqiang Sun , Sen Li , Yuchang Sun , Jun Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) is increasingly adopted for privacy-preserving collaborative training, but its decentralized nature makes it particularly susceptible to backdoor attacks. Existing attack methods, however, often rely on idealized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Xuezheng Qin , Ruwei Huang , Xiaolong Tang , Feng Li

Federated learning (FL) allows participants to jointly train a machine learning model without sharing their private data with others. However, FL is vulnerable to poisoning attacks such as backdoor attacks. Consequently, a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Kavita Kumari , Phillip Rieger , Hossein Fereidooni , Murtuza Jadliwala , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Large models adaptation through Federated Learning (FL) addresses a wide range of use cases and is enabled by Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning techniques such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA). However, this distributed learning paradigm faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Bastien Vuillod , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Jean-Max Dutertre

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising approach enabling multiple clients to train Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) collaboratively without sharing their local training data. However, FL is susceptible to backdoor (or targeted poisoning)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Phillip Rieger , Torsten Krauß , Markus Miettinen , Alexandra Dmitrienko , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Federated learning is particularly susceptible to model poisoning and backdoor attacks because individual users have direct control over the training data and model updates. At the same time, the attack power of an individual user is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Yuxin Wen , Jonas Geiping , Liam Fowl , Hossein Souri , Rama Chellappa , Micah Goldblum , Tom Goldstein

Federated Learning (FL), a privacy-preserving decentralized machine learning framework, has been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Current research primarily focuses on the Single-Label Backdoor Attack (SBA), wherein adversaries…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ye Li , Yanchao Zhao , Chengcheng Zhu , Jiale Zhang