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The Hopf insulator is a three-dimensional topological insulator outside the standard classification of topological insulators. Here we consider two types of non-Hermitian Hopf insulators, one without and one with the non-Hermitian skin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 Yan He , Chih-Chun Chien

The hallmark of topological crystalline insulators is the emergence of a robust electronic state in a bandgap localized at the boundary of the material. However, end, edge, and surface states can also have a nontopological origin.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 R. A. M. Ligthart , M. A. J. Herrera , A. Visser , A. Vlasblom , D. Bercioux , I. Swart

One dimensional topological insulators are characterized by edge states with exponentially small energies. According to one generalization of topological phases to non-Hermitian systems, a finite system in a non-trivial topological phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Lorenzo Campos Venuti , Zhengzhi Ma , Hubert Saleur , Stephan Haas

Topological modes (TMs) are usually localized at defects or boundaries of a much larger topological lattice. Recent studies of non-Hermitian band theories unveiled the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), by which the bulk states collapse to…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-08-05 Wei Wang , Xulong Wang , Guancong Ma

A powerful result of topological band theory is that nontrivial phases manifest obstructions to constructing localized Wannier functions. In Chern insulators, it is impossible to construct Wannier functions that respect translational…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-08-11 Todd Van Mechelen , Robert-Jan Slager , Sathwik Bharadwaj , Zubin Jacob

Topological phases of matter are generally characterized by topological properties of energy bands of a system. Their transitions under preserved symmetries occur through closing a gap of energy bands, leading to topologically protected…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-04-29 Yan-Bin Yang , Kai Li , Yong Xu

Disorder and non-Hermiticity dramatically impact the topological and localization properties of a quantum system, giving rise to intriguing quantum states of matter. The rich interplay of disorder, non-Hermiticity, and topology is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Quan Lin , Tianyu Li , Lei Xiao , Kunkun Wang , Wei Yi , Peng Xue

We study multilayer topological insulators with random interlayer tunneling, known as off-diagonal disorder. Within the Burkov-Balents model a single Hermitian defect creates a bound state whose energy crosses the middle of the gap in the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-01 Z. Z. Alisultanov , A. Kudlis

We have performed a systematic investigation of the formation of topologically protected boundary states (TPBS) in topological/normal insulators (TI/NI) heterostructures. Using a recently developed scheme to construct {\it ab-initio}…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-03-26 M. Costa , A. T. Costa , Walter A. Freitas , Tome M. Schmidt , M. Buongiorno Nardelli , A. Fazzio

The current understanding of the role of topology in non-Hermitian (NH) systems and its far-reaching physical consequences observable in a range of dissipative settings are reviewed. In particular, how the paramount and genuinely NH concept…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Emil J. Bergholtz , Jan Carl Budich , Flore K. Kunst

A striking feature of non-Hermitian systems is the presence of two different types of topology. One generalizes Hermitian topological phases, and the other is intrinsic to non-Hermitian systems, which are called line-gap topology and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-04-01 Daichi Nakamura , Takumi Bessho , Masatoshi Sato

Non-Hermiticity appears ubiquitously in various open classical and quantum systems and enriches classification of topological phases. However, the role of nonsymmorphic symmetry, crystalline symmetry accompanying fractional lattice…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Daichi Nakamura , Yutaro Tanaka , Ken Shiozaki , Kohei Kawabata

Topological phases of matter are classified based on their Hermitian Hamiltonians, whose real-valued dispersions together with orthogonal eigenstates form nontrivial topology. In the recently discovered higher-order topological insulators…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 He Gao , Haoran Xue , Zhongming Gu , Tuo Liu , Jie Zhu , Baile Zhang

Topological insulators feature a number of topologically protected boundary modes linked to the value of their bulk invariant. While in one-dimensional systems the boundary modes are zero dimensional and localized, in two-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-21 Carlos Vega , Diego Porras , Alejandro González-Tudela

The study of topological band insulators has revealed fascinating phases characterized by band topology indices and anomalous boundary modes protected by global symmetries. In strongly correlated systems, where the traditional notion of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-12 Chao Xu , Yixin Ma , Shenghan Jiang

States of matter with nontrivial topology have been classified by their bulk symmetry properties. However, by cutting the topological insulator into ribbons, the symmetry of the system is reduced. By constructing effective Hamiltonians…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-04-13 Augusto L. Araújo , Ernesto O. Wrasse , Gerson J. Ferreira , Tome M. Schmidt

We investigate anomalous localization phenomena in non-Hermitian systems by solving a class of generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger/Rice-Mele models and by relating their provenance to fundamental notions of topology, symmetry-breaking and…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-29 Maria Zelenayova , Emil J. Bergholtz

Topological materials exhibit edge-localized scattering-free modes protected by their nontrivial bulk topology through the bulk-edge correspondence in Hermitian systems. While topological phenomena have recently been much investigated in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Kazuki Sone , Yuto Ashida , Takahiro Sagawa

There can exist topological obstructions to continuously deforming a gapped Hamiltonian for free fermions into a trivial form without closing the gap. These topological obstructions are closely related to obstructions to the existence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. B. Hastings

We develop the topological band theory for systems described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, whose energy spectra are generally complex. After generalizing the notion of gapped band structures to the non-Hermitian case, we classify "gapped"…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-11 Huitao Shen , Bo Zhen , Liang Fu
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