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This white paper discusses the role of large-scale AI in the telecommunications industry, with a specific focus on the potential of generative AI to revolutionize network functions and user experiences, especially in the context of 6G…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Adnan Shahid , Adrian Kliks , Ahmed Al-Tahmeesschi , Ahmed Elbakary , Alexandros Nikou , Ali Maatouk , Ali Mokh , Amirreza Kazemi , Antonio De Domenico , Athanasios Karapantelakis , Bo Cheng , Bo Yang , Bohao Wang , Carlo Fischione , Chao Zhang , Chaouki Ben Issaid , Chau Yuen , Chenghui Peng , Chongwen Huang , Christina Chaccour , Christo Kurisummoottil Thomas , Dheeraj Sharma , Dimitris Kalogiros , Dusit Niyato , Eli De Poorter , Elissa Mhanna , Emilio Calvanese Strinati , Faouzi Bader , Fathi Abdeldayem , Fei Wang , Fenghao Zhu , Gianluca Fontanesi , Giovanni Geraci , Haibo Zhou , Hakimeh Purmehdi , Hamed Ahmadi , Hang Zou , Hongyang Du , Hoon Lee , Howard H. Yang , Iacopo Poli , Igor Carron , Ilias Chatzistefanidis , Inkyu Lee , Ioannis Pitsiorlas , Jaron Fontaine , Jiajun Wu , Jie Zeng , Jinan Li , Jinane Karam , Johny Gemayel , Juan Deng , Julien Frison , Kaibin Huang , Kehai Qiu , Keith Ball , Kezhi Wang , Kun Guo , Leandros Tassiulas , Lecorve Gwenole , Liexiang Yue , Lina Bariah , Louis Powell , Marcin Dryjanski , Maria Amparo Canaveras Galdon , Marios Kountouris , Maryam Hafeez , Maxime Elkael , Mehdi Bennis , Mehdi Boudjelli , Meiling Dai , Merouane Debbah , Michele Polese , Mohamad Assaad , Mohamed Benzaghta , Mohammad Al Refai , Moussab Djerrab , Mubeen Syed , Muhammad Amir , Na Yan , Najla Alkaabi , Nan Li , Nassim Sehad , Navid Nikaein , Omar Hashash , Pawel Sroka , Qianqian Yang , Qiyang Zhao , Rasoul Nikbakht Silab , Rex Ying , Roberto Morabito , Rongpeng Li , Ryad Madi , Salah Eddine El Ayoubi , Salvatore D'Oro , Samson Lasaulce , Serveh Shalmashi , Sige Liu , Sihem Cherrared , Swarna Bindu Chetty , Swastika Dutta , Syed A. R. Zaidi , Tianjiao Chen , Timothy Murphy , Tommaso Melodia , Tony Q. S. Quek , Vishnu Ram , Walid Saad , Wassim Hamidouche , Weilong Chen , Xiaoou Liu , Xiaoxue Yu , Xijun Wang , Xingyu Shang , Xinquan Wang , Xuelin Cao , Yang Su , Yanping Liang , Yansha Deng , Yifan Yang , Yingping Cui , Yu Sun , Yuxuan Chen , Yvan Pointurier , Zeinab Nehme , Zeinab Nezami , Zhaohui Yang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Zhe Liu , Zhenyu Yang , Zhu Han , Zhuang Zhou , Zihan Chen , Zirui Chen , Zitao Shuai

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) are revolutionizing the generation of human-like text, producing contextually relevant and syntactically correct content. Despite challenges like biases and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alper Yaman , Jannik Schwab , Christof Nitsche , Abhirup Sinha , Marco Huber

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of general-domain tasks. However, their effectiveness in specialized fields, such as construction, remains underexplored. In this paper, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yanzhao Wu , Lufan Wang , Rui Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various natural language tasks, often achieving performances that surpass those of humans. Despite these advancements, the domain of mathematics presents a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ankit Satpute , Noah Giessing , Andre Greiner-Petter , Moritz Schubotz , Olaf Teschke , Akiko Aizawa , Bela Gipp

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges in specialized domains like telecommunication (Telecom) due to technical complexity, specialized terminology, and rapidly evolving knowledge. Traditional methods, such as scaling…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinquan Wang , Fenghao Zhu , Chongwen Huang , Zhaohui Yang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Sami Muhaidat , Chau Yuen , Mérouane Debbah

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recent research indicates that moderately-sized LLMs often outperform larger ones after task-specific fine-tuning. This study focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , George Foster , Gholamreza Haffari

In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital twins (DT) and 6G networks, the integration of large language models (LLMs) presents a novel approach to network management. This paper explores the application of LLMs in managing 6G-empowered…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Shufan Jiang , Bangyan Lin , Yue Wu , Yuan Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to complex telecommunications tasks, including 3GPP specification analysis and O-RAN network troubleshooting. However, a critical limitation remains: LLM-generated confidence scores are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Anton Saenko , Pranshav Gajjar , Abiodun Ganiyu , Vijay K. Shah

The value of text classification's future research has encountered challenges and uncertainties, due to the extraordinary efficacy demonstrated by large language models (LLMs) across numerous downstream NLP tasks. In this era of open-ended…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yazhou Zhang , Mengyao Wang , Chenyu Ren , Qiuchi Li , Prayag Tiwari , Benyou Wang , Jing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) and multimodal models have become powerful general-purpose reasoning systems. However, radio-frequency (RF) signals, which underpin wireless systems, are still not natively supported by these models. Existing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Hang Zou , Yu Tian , Bohao Wang , Lina Bariah , Samson Lasaulce , Chongwen Huang , Mérouane Debbah

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3 and GPT-4 have emerged as groundbreaking innovations with capabilities that extend far beyond traditional AI applications. These sophisticated models, trained on massive datasets, can generate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Md Asraful Haque

Large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters and pretrained on massive amounts of data are now capable of near or better than state-of-the-art performance in a variety of downstream natural language processing tasks. Neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Victor Agostinelli , Max Wild , Matthew Raffel , Kazi Ahmed Asif Fuad , Lizhong Chen

Artificial intelligence (AI) is widely deployed to solve problems related to marketing attribution and budget optimization. However, AI models can be quite complex, and it can be difficult to understand model workings and insights without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Yilin Gao , Sai Kumar Arava , Yancheng Li , James W. Snyder

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT/GPT-4, have proven to be powerful tools in promoting the user experience as an AI assistant. The continuous works are proposing multi-modal large language models (MLLM), empowering LLMs with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Ziqiang Zheng , Jipeng Zhang , Tuan-Anh Vu , Shizhe Diao , Yue Him Wong Tim , Sai-Kit Yeung

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT4 and LLaMA, are creating significant advancements in natural language processing, due to their strong text encoding/decoding ability and newly found emergent capability (e.g., reasoning). While LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Bowen Jin , Gang Liu , Chi Han , Meng Jiang , Heng Ji , Jiawei Han

The usefulness of Large Language Models (LLM) is being continuously tested in various fields. However, their intrinsic linguistic characteristic is still one of the limiting factors when applying these models to exact sciences. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jonathan Paul Driemeyer Brown , Tiago Oliveira Weber

The Internet of Things (IoT) in the sixth generation (6G) era is envisioned to evolve towards intelligence, ubiquity, and self-optimization. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities across…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Xiaopei Chen , Wen Wu , Liang Li , Fei Ji

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across a broad array of tasks, yet their capacity for complex, domain-specific mathematical reasoning-particularly in wireless communications-remains underexplored. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Xin Li , Mengbing Liu , Li Wei , Jiancheng An , Mérouane Debbah , Chau Yuen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense potential across various tasks. However, research for exploring and improving the capabilities of LLMs in interpreting graph structures remains limited. To address this gap, we conduct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Jie He , Yijun Yang , Wanqiu Long , Deyi Xiong , Victor Gutierrez-Basulto , Jeff Z. Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, yet their evaluation, particularly in languages beyond the top $20$, remains inadequate due to existing benchmarks and metrics limitations. Employing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Rishav Hada , Varun Gumma , Adrian de Wynter , Harshita Diddee , Mohamed Ahmed , Monojit Choudhury , Kalika Bali , Sunayana Sitaram