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Two known distinct examples of one-dimensional systems which are known to exhibit a phase transition are critically examined: (A) a lattice model with harmonic nearest-neighbor elastic interactions and an on-site Morse potential, and (B)…
The topological theory of phase transitions was proposed on the basis of different arguments, the most important of which are: a direct evidence of the relation between topology and phase transitions for some exactly solvable models; an…
The dual nature of the electronic structure of stripes in $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ was characterized by experimental observations, mainly by ARPES, of nodal spectral weight together with the straight segments near antinodal regions. We present…
The phase structure of 2-dimensional topological insulators under a sufficiently strong electron-electron interaction is investigated. The effective theory is constructed by extending the idea of the Kane-Mele model on the graphenelike…
Recent demonstrations of controlled switching between different ordered macroscopic states by impulsive electromagnetic perturbations in complex materials have opened some fundamental questions on the mechanisms responsible for such…
The two-dimensional electron gas found at the surface of SrTiO$_3$ and related interfaces has attracted significant attention as a promising basis for oxide electronics. In order to utilize its full potential, the response of this 2DEG to…
Metal-insulator transitions in two dimensional materials represent a great opportunity for fast, low energy and ultra-dense switching devices. Due to the small energy difference between its semimetallic and semiconducting crystal phases,…
We present the results of an investigation of both the magnetic and structural phase transitions in a high quality single crystalline sample of the undoped, iron pnictide compound BaFe$_2$As$_2$. Both phase transitions are characterized via…
When a magnetic field confines the carriers of a Fermi sea to their lowest Landau level, electron-electron interactions are expected to play a significant role in determining the electronic ground state. Graphite is known to host a sequence…
Nontrivial topology in type-II Dirac semimetal NiTe$_2$ leading to topologically protected surface states give rise to fascinating phenomena holding great promise for next-generation electronic and spintronic devices. Key parameters $-$…
Spin-state transitions, observed in many transition metal compounds containing Co$^{3+}$ and Fe$^{2+}$, may occur with the change of temperature, pressure, but also with doping, in which case the competition of single-site effects and…
The interplay between strong Coulomb interactions and randomness has been a long-standing problem in condensed matter physics. According to the scaling theory of localization, in two-dimensional systems of noninteracting or weakly…
We investigate the electronic structure of BaIrO3, an interesting compound exhibiting charge density wave transition in its insulating phase and ferromagnetic transition at the same temperature, using full potential linearized augmented…
Key experimental results on unveiling and studying properties of a multiphase state that arises in two-dimensional electron systems due to the interplay of interelectron interactions and disorder are reviewed. The review focuses on the…
We have examined the electronic structure evolution in transition metal dichalcogenides MX$_2$, where M=Mo,W and X=S,Se and Te. These are generally referred to as van der Waals heterostructures on the one hand, yet one has band gap changes…
Laser angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is employed to investigate the temperature (T) dependence of the electronic structure in BaFe2As2 across the magneto-structural transition at TN ~ 140 K. A drastic transformation in…
The anisotropic changes in the electronic structure of a metal-to-insulator transition (MIT) material, RuAs, with two-step phase transition are reported by using polarized optical conductivity [$\sigma(\omega)$] spectra, angle-integrated…
We review the binding and energy level alignment of $\pi$-conjugated systems on metals, a field which during the last two decades has seen tremendous progress both in terms of experimental characterization as well as in the depth of…
The origin of the insulating state in 1T-TaS$_2$ has long been a subject of debate. A short current pulse transforms this insulating state into a metastable metallic phase. Using micro-ARPES, we investigate the electronic structure of this…
A diffuse-interface model for microstructure with an arbitrary number of components and phases was developed from basic thermodynamic and kinetic principles and formalized within a variational framework. The model includes a composition…