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Gravitational waves (GWs) provide a new avenue to test Einstein's General Relativity (GR) using the ongoing and upcoming GW detectors by measuring the redshift evolution of the effective Planck mass proposed by several modified theories of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-05 Samsuzzaman Afroz , Suvodip Mukherjee

Gravitational wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescences can be used as standard sirens to constrain cosmological parameters if their redshift can be measured independently. However, mergers of stellar binary black holes (BBHs) may…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-01 Ju Chen , Changshuo Yan , Youjun Lu , Yuetong Zhao , Junqiang Ge

Alternative theories of gravity predict modifications in the propagation of gravitational waves (GW) through space-time. One of the smoking-gun predictions of such theories is the change in the GW luminosity distance to GW sources as a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-08 Suvodip Mukherjee , Benjamin D. Wandelt , Joseph Silk

The upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), set for launch in the mid-2030s, will enhance our capability to probe the universe through gravitational waves (GWs) emitted from binary black holes (BBHs) across a broad range of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-08 Samsuzzaman Afroz , Suvodip Mukherjee

Gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens are well-established probes with which one can measure cosmological parameters, and are complementary to other probes like the cosmic microwave background or supernovae standard candles. Here we focus…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-15 Konstantin Leyde , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Danièle A. Steer , Eric Chassande-Mottin , Christos Karathanasis

Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences have matured into a robust cosmological probe, providing self-calibrated luminosity distance measurements independent of any cosmic distance ladder, hence the term "standard…

Gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive binary black hole (BBH) inspirals are potentially powerful standard sirens (the GW analog to standard candles) (Schutz 1986, 2002). Because these systems are well-modeled, the space-based GW…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Daniel E. Holz , Scott A. Hughes

The cosmological luminosity-distance can be measured from gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens, free of astronomical distance ladders and the associated systematics. However, it may still contain systematics arising from various…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-25 Pengjie Zhang , Hai Yu

Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences encode the absolute luminosity distances of GW sources. Once the redshifts of GW sources are known, one can use the distance-redshift relation to constrain cosmological parameters.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-17 Ji-Yu Song , Ling-Feng Wang , Yichao Li , Ze-Wei Zhao , Jing-Fei Zhang , Wen Zhao , Xin Zhang

The number of observed gravitational wave (GW) events is growing fast thanks to rapidly improving detector sensitivities. GWs from compact binary coalescences like Black Holes or Neutron Stars behave like standard sirens and can be used as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-17 Giona Sala , Alessandro Cuoco , Julien Lesgourgues , Kostantinos-Rafail Revis , Lorenzo Valbusa Dall'Armi , Santiago Casas

Gravitational waves (GWs) have rapidly become important cosmological probes since their first detection in 2015. As the number of detected events continues to rise, upcoming instruments like the Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-03 Stefano Zazzera , José Fonseca , Tessa Baker , Chris Clarkson

Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from dark sirens allow us to infer their locations and distances. Galaxies, on the other hand, have precise angular positions but no direct measurement of their distances -- only redshifts. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-18 João Ferri , Ian L. Tashiro , L. Raul Abramo , Isabela Matos , Miguel Quartin , Riccardo Sturani

In this proceedings, we are interested in dark gravitational wave standard sirens and their use for cosmology and for constraining modified gravity theories. Due to the extra friction term introduced in their propagation equation those…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-15 Konstantin Leyde , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Danièle A. Steer , Eric Chassande-Mottin , Christos Karathanasis

Gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries are known to be an excellent absolute distance indicator, yet it is unclear whether electromagnetic counterparts of these events are securely identified for measuring their redshifts,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Masamune Oguri

We develop a unified framework for testing gravity beyond General Relativity (GR) with continuous gravitational waves (CWs) from individual supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). These long-lived, nearly monochromatic nanohertz signals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-08 Qinyuan Zheng , Bjorn Larsen , Ellis Eisenberg , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli

Gravitational wave (GW) sources at cosmological distances can be used to probe the expansion rate of the Universe. GWs directly provide a distance estimation of the source but no direct information on its redshift. The optimal scenario to…

A validation of the cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR) is crucial because any observational departure from it could be a signal of new physics. In this work, we explore the potentialities of luminosity distance data from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-01 Xiangyun Fu , Lu Zhou , Jun Chen

The current and next observation seasons will detect hundreds of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary systems coalescence at cosmological distances. When combined with independent electromagnetic measurements, the source redshift…

Binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected through Gravitational Waves (GWs) are a promising probe for the cosmic expansion. These sources are standard sirens for which we can directly measure the luminosity distance, but their redshift is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-17 Arianna Scarpa , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Filippo Santoliquido , Manuel Arca-Sedda

Gravitational-wave (GW) events can serve as standard sirens for cosmology, as the luminosity distance to source can be directly measured from the waveform amplitude. Specifically, the ``dark'' siren method involves inferring cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-21 Yijun Wang , Yanbei Chen
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