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Classical or quantum physical systems can simulate the Ising Hamiltonian for large-scale optimization and machine learning. However, devices such as quantum annealers and coherent Ising machines suffer an exponential drop in the probability…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-09 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Claudio Conti

Optimal MIMO detection has been one of the most challenging and computationally inefficient tasks in wireless systems. We show that the new analog computing techniques like Coherent Ising Machines (CIM) are promising candidates for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Abhishek Kumar Singh , Kyle Jamieson , Davide Venturelli , Peter McMahon

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence, coupled with the slowing of Moore's law, is straining computing infrastructure, as CMOS electronics face inherent limits in bandwidth, energy efficiency, and parallelism. Integrated photonic…

Combinatorial optimization problems are computationally hard in general, but they are ubiquitous in our modern life. A coherent Ising machine (CIM) based on a multiple-pulse degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) is an alternative…

Ising machines -- special-purpose hardware for heuristically solving Ising optimization problems -- based on probabilistic bits (p-bits) have been established as a promising alternative to heuristic optimization algorithms run on…

One of the main bottlenecks in solving combinatorial optimization problems with quantum annealers is the qubit connectivity in the hardware. A possible solution for larger connectivty is minor embedding. This techniques makes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Michele Cattelan , Jemma Bennett , Sheir Yarkoni , Wolfgang Lechner

The development of physical simulators, called Ising machines, that sample from low energy states of the Ising Hamiltonian has the potential to drastically transform our ability to understand and control complex systems. However, most of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-03-10 Timothee Leleu , Farad Khoyratee , Timothee Levi , Ryan Hamerly , Takashi Kohno , Kazuyuki Aihara

Hard combinatorial optimization problems, often mapped to Ising models, promise potential solutions with quantum advantage but are constrained by limited qubit counts in near-term devices. We present an innovative quantum-inspired framework…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-25 Co Tran , Quoc-Bao Tran , Hy Truong Son , Thang N Dinh

We report on a new class of Ising Machines (IMs) that rely on coupled parametric frequency dividers (PFDs) as macroscopic artificial spins. Unlike the IM counterparts based on subharmonic injection locking (SHIL), PFD IMs do not require…

We provide a non-unit disk framework to solve combinatorial optimization problems such as Maximum Cut (Max-Cut) and Maximum Independent Set (MIS) on a Rydberg quantum annealer. Our setup consists of a many-body interacting Rydberg system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-31 Kapil Goswami , Rick Mukherjee , Herwig Ott , Peter Schmelcher

Given the fundamental importance of combinatorial optimization across many diverse application domains, there has been widespread interest in the development of unconventional physical computing architectures that can deliver better…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-09-18 Atsushi Yamamura , Hideo Mabuchi , Surya Ganguli

Ising machines (IMs) are specialized devices designed to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems. Among such problems, Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) is particularly relevant in industrial applications. To solve SAT problems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-01 Robbe De Prins , Guy Van der Sande , Peter Bienstman , Thomas Van Vaerenbergh

Simulated annealing (SA) attracts more attention among classical heuristic algorithms because the solution of the combinatorial optimization problem can be naturally mapped to the ground state of the Ising Hamiltonian. However, in practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Yunuo Cen , Debasis Das , Xuanyao Fong

We introduce a self-consistent mean-field quantum optimization algorithm that approximates the ground state of classical Ising Hamiltonians. The algorithm decomposes the problem into independent subproblems and treats the interactions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Maxime Dupont , Bhuvanesh Sundar , Meenambika Gowrishankar

Ising machines, which are dynamical systems designed to operate in a parallel and iterative manner, have emerged as a new paradigm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Despite computational advantages, the quality of solutions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-30 Shu Zhou , K. Y. Michael Wong , Juntao Wang , David Shui Wing Hui , Daniel Ebler , Jie Sun

Physics-inspired computing paradigms, such as Ising machines, are emerging as promising hardware alternatives to traditional von Neumann architectures for tackling computationally intensive combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). While…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Sai Li , Yihao Zhang , Albert Lee , Zheng Zhu , Lang Zeng , Peng Wang , Lei Gao , Di Wu , Weisheng Zhao

Emerging analog computing substrates, such as oscillator-based Ising machines, offer rapid convergence times for combinatorial optimization but often suffer from limited scalability due to physical implementation constraints. To tackle…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ruihong Yin , Yue Zheng , Chaohui Li , Ahmet Efe , Abhimanyu Kumar , Ziqing Zeng , Ulya R. Karpuzcu , Sachin S. Sapatnekar , Chris H. Kim

We explored decoding methods for the surface code under depolarizing noise by mapping the problem into the Ising model optimization. We consider two kinds of mapping with and without a soft constraint and also various optimization solvers,…

Conventional methods of quantum simulation involve trade-offs that limit their applicability to specific contexts where their use is optimal. In particular, the interaction picture simulation has been found to provide substantial asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Abhishek Rajput , Alessandro Roggero , Nathan Wiebe

We present a methodology for generating Ising Hamiltonians of tunable complexity and with a priori known ground states based on a decomposition of the model graph into edge-disjoint subgraphs. The idea is illustrated with a spin-glass model…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-04-17 Firas Hamze , Darryl C. Jacob , Andrew J. Ochoa , Dilina Perera , Wenlong Wang , Helmut G. Katzgraber
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