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Distortion Risk Measures (DRMs) capture risk preferences in decision-making and serve as general criteria for managing uncertainty. This paper proposes gradient descent algorithms for DRM optimization based on two dual representations: the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jinyang Jiang , Bernd Heidergott , Jiaqiao Hu , Yijie Peng

In this effort we propose a novel approach for reconstructing multivariate functions from training data, by identifying both a suitable network architecture and an initialization using polynomial-based approximations. Training deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Joseph Daws , Clayton G. Webster

We examine the challenges associated with numerical integration when applying Neural Networks to solve Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). We specifically investigate the Deep Ritz Method (DRM), chosen for its practical applicability and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Jamie M. Taylor , David Pardo

Residual minimization is a widely used technique for solving Partial Differential Equations in variational form. It minimizes the dual norm of the residual, which naturally yields a saddle-point (min-max) problem over the so-called trial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Carlos Uriarte , David Pardo , Ignacio Muga , Judit Muñoz-Matute

Existing analyses of optimization in deep learning are either continuous, focusing on (variants of) gradient flow, or discrete, directly treating (variants of) gradient descent. Gradient flow is amenable to theoretical analysis, but is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Omer Elkabetz , Nadav Cohen

Neural operators are aiming at approximating operators mapping between Banach spaces of functions, achieving much success in the field of scientific computing. Compared to certain deep learning-based solvers, such as Physics-Informed Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Xianliang Xu , Ye Li , Zhongyi Huang

We address the challenge of estimating the learning rate for adaptive gradient methods used in training deep neural networks. While several learning-rate-free approaches have been proposed, they are typically tailored for steepest descent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Min-Kook Suh , Seung-Woo Seo

In this paper, we study the statistical limits of deep learning techniques for solving elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) from random samples using the Deep Ritz Method (DRM) and Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). To…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Yiping Lu , Haoxuan Chen , Jianfeng Lu , Lexing Ying , Jose Blanchet

When an online learning algorithm is used to estimate the unknown parameters of a model, the signals interacting with the parameter estimates should not decay too quickly for the optimal values to be discovered correctly. This requirement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Kamil Nar , S. Shankar Sastry

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) methods often rely on the meticulous tuning of hyperparameters to successfully resolve problems. One of the most influential parameters in optimization procedures based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Ralf Gulde , Marc Tuscher , Akos Csiszar , Oliver Riedel , Alexander Verl

Natural gradient descent is a principled method for adapting the parameters of a statistical model on-line using an underlying Riemannian parameter space to redefine the direction of steepest descent. The algorithm is examined via methods…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Magnus Rattray , David Saad

We develop a probabilistic framework for deep learning based on the Deep Rendering Mixture Model (DRMM), a new generative probabilistic model that explicitly capture variations in data due to latent task nuisance variables. We demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-07 Ankit B. Patel , Tan Nguyen , Richard G. Baraniuk

The performance of a deep neural network is highly dependent on its training, and finding better local optimal solutions is the goal of many optimization algorithms. However, existing optimization algorithms show a preference for descent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Huangxing Lin , Weihong Zeng , Xinghao Ding , Yue Huang , Chenxi Huang , John Paisley

We analyze recurrent neural networks with diagonal hidden-to-hidden weight matrices, trained with gradient descent in the supervised learning setting, and prove that gradient descent can achieve optimality \emph{without} massive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Semih Cayci , Atilla Eryilmaz

Gradient descent can be surprisingly good at optimizing deep neural networks without overfitting and without explicit regularization. We find that the discrete steps of gradient descent implicitly regularize models by penalizing gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 David G. T. Barrett , Benoit Dherin

In this paper, we aim at providing an introduction to the gradient descent based optimization algorithms for learning deep neural network models. Deep learning models involving multiple nonlinear projection layers are very challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Jiawei Zhang

Estimation of a multivariate regression function from independent and identically distributed data is considered. An estimate is defined which fits a deep neural network consisting of a large number of fully connected neural networks, which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-31 Selina Drews , Michael Kohler

In this paper, we adopt a probability distribution estimation perspective to explore the optimization mechanisms of supervised classification using deep neural networks. We demonstrate that, when employing the Fenchel-Young loss, despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Binchuan Qi , Wei Gong , Li Li

We perform an average case analysis of the generalization dynamics of large neural networks trained using gradient descent. We study the practically-relevant "high-dimensional" regime where the number of free parameters in the network is on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-11 Madhu S. Advani , Andrew M. Saxe

The optimization algorithms are crucial in training physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), as unsuitable methods may lead to poor solutions. Compared to the common gradient descent (GD) algorithm, implicit gradient descent (IGD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Xianliang Xu , Ting Du , Wang Kong , Bin Shan , Ye Li , Zhongyi Huang