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In spectroscopic analysis, the peak-based signal-to-noise ratio (pSNR) is commonly used but suffers from limitations such as sensitivity to noise spikes and reduced effectiveness for broader peaks. We introduce the area-based…
In this paper, probabilistic shaping is numerically and experimentally investigated for increasing the transmission reach of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical communication system employing quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).…
We numerically and experimentally investigate the laser phase noise tolerance of probabilistically shaped (PS) and uniformly shaped (US) quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. In the simulations, we compare PS-64QAM to US-16QAM,…
Achievable information rates are used as a metric to design novel modulation formats via geometric shaping. The proposed geometrically shaped 256-ary constellation achieves SNR gains of up to 1.18 dB.
Probabilistic shaping for intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) links is discussed and a peak power constraint determined by the limited modulation extinction ratio (ER) of optical modulators is introduced. The input…
Using time-adaptive probabilistic shaped 64QAM driven by a simple SNR prediction algorithm, we demonstrate $>$450 Gbps transmission over a 55-m free-space optics link with enhanced resilience towards rainy weather conditions. Through…
We propose a probabilistic shaping approach for region-of-interest signaling, where a low-rate signal controls the desired probabilistic ranges of a high-rate data stream using a flexible distribution controller. In addition, we introduce…
Perturbed spectra are modelled to estimate OSNR for a single channel amplified link. Perturbation-dependent nonlinear noise is separated from constant ASE noise using a set of propagated perturbed spectra. A least mean square fitting is…
Signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) play a crucial role in various statistical models, with important applications in tasks such as estimating heritability in genomics. The method-of-moments estimator is a widely used approach for estimating SNR,…
Enhanced Gaussian noise models are used to demonstrate that the per-block SNR after fibre transmission varies significantly due to the variable-composition nature of modern probabilistic shaping schemes. We propose a nonlinearity-optimised…
The sequential analysis of the problem of joint signal detection and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation for a linear Gaussian observation model is considered. The problem is posed as an optimization setup where the goal is to minimize…
We analyze the consequences that the choice of the output of the system has in the efficiency of signal detection. It is shown that the signal and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), used to characterize the phenomenon of stochastic resonance,…
The performance of different probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) techniques in the nonlinear regime is investigated, highlighting its dependence on the PAS block length and the interaction with carrier phase recovery (CPR). Different PAS…
We propose a novel 5-bit/2D-symbol modulation format based on PAM-6 optimized for IM-DD systems dominated by relative intensity noise. The proposed modulation scheme improves SNR by 0.94 dB compared to conventional PAM-6 and achieves…
Nonlinear interference models for dual-polarization 4D (DP-4D) modulation have only been used so far to predict signal-signal nonlinear interference. We show that including the signal-noise term in the prediction of the effective…
To achieve the maximum information transfer and face a possible eavesdropper, the samples transmitted in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocols are to be drawn from a continuous Gaussian distribution. As a matter of…
We consider probabilistic shaping to maximize the achievable information rate of coded modulation (CM) with hard decision decoding. The proposed scheme using binary staircase codes outperforms its uniform CM counterpart by more than 1.3 dB…
A class of circular 64-QAM that combines 'geometric' and 'probabilistic' shaping aspects is presented. It is compared to square 64-QAM in back-to-back, single-channel, and WDM transmission experiments. First, for the linear AWGN channel…
In recent years, there is a growing need for processing methods aimed at extracting useful information from large datasets. In many cases the challenge is to discover a low-dimensional structure in the data, often concealed by the existence…
A modification to 5G New Radio (NR) polar code is proposed, which improves the error correction performance with higher order modulation through probabilistic shaping. The presented scheme mainly re-uses existing hardware at the…