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Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enhances users privacy by eliminating the need for clients to share raw, private data with the server. Despite the success, recent studies expose the vulnerability of FL to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Jing Wu , Munawar Hayat , Mingyi Zhou , Mehrtash Harandi

Federated learning(FL) is an emerging distributed learning paradigm with default client privacy because clients can keep sensitive data on their devices and only share local training parameter updates with the federated server. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Wenqi Wei , Ling Liu , Yanzhao Wu , Gong Su , Arun Iyengar

Gradient inversion attacks are an ubiquitous threat in federated learning as they exploit gradient leakage to reconstruct supposedly private training data. Recent work has proposed to prevent gradient leakage without loss of model utility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Daniel Scheliga , Patrick Mäder , Marco Seeland

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training while preserving privacy, yet Gradient Inversion Attacks (GIAs) pose severe threats by reconstructing private data from shared gradients. In realistic FedAvg scenarios with multi-step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Li Xia , Jing Yu , Zheng Liu , Sili Huang , Wei Tang , Xuan Liu

With the introduction of regulations related to the ``right to be forgotten", federated learning (FL) is facing new privacy compliance challenges. To address these challenges, researchers have proposed federated unlearning (FU). However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Lei Zhou , Youwen Zhu

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm proposed for privacy preservation. Unlike traditional centralized learning approaches, FL enables multiple users to collaboratively train a shared global model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Hangyu Zhu , Liyuan Huang , Zhenping Xie

Federated Learning (FL) has become a cornerstone of privacy protection, shifting the paradigm towards localizing sensitive data while only sending model gradients to a central server. This strategy is designed to reinforce privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 H. Yi , H. Ren , C. Hu , Y. Li , J. Deng , X. Xie

Gradient inversion attacks pose significant privacy threats to distributed training frameworks such as federated learning, enabling malicious parties to reconstruct sensitive local training data from gradient communications between clients…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiajun Gu , Yuhang Yao , Shuaiqi Wang , Carlee Joe-Wong

Data privacy has become an increasingly important issue in Machine Learning (ML), where many approaches have been developed to tackle this challenge, e.g. cryptography (Homomorphic Encryption (HE), Differential Privacy (DP), etc.) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie

Due to its distributed methodology alongside its privacy-preserving features, Federated Learning (FL) is vulnerable to training time adversarial attacks. In this study, our focus is on backdoor attacks in which the adversary's goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Omid Aramoon , Pin-Yu Chen , Gang Qu , Yuan Tian

Foundation models that bridge vision and language have made significant progress. While they have inspired many life-enriching applications, their potential for abuse in creating new threats remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Junjie Shan , Ziqi Zhao , Jialin Lu , Rui Zhang , Siu Ming Yiu , Ka-Ho Chow

Federated learning (FL) is a popular distributed learning framework that can reduce privacy risks by not explicitly sharing private data. However, recent works demonstrated that sharing model updates makes FL vulnerable to inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Jingwei Sun , Ang Li , Binghui Wang , Huanrui Yang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning framework that enables multiple nodes to train models on their local data and periodically average weight updates to benefit from other nodes' training. Each node's goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ethan Wilson , Kai Yue , Chau-Wai Wong , Huaiyu Dai

Graph federated learning is of essential importance for training over large graph datasets while protecting data privacy, where each client stores a subset of local graph data, while the server collects the local gradients and broadcasts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Divya Anand Sinha , Ruijie Du , Yezi Liu , Athina Markopolou , Yanning Shen

Train machine learning models on sensitive user data has raised increasing privacy concerns in many areas. Federated learning is a popular approach for privacy protection that collects the local gradient information instead of real data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Lichao Sun , Jianwei Qian , Xun Chen

The Deep Leakage from Gradient (DLG) attack has emerged as a prevalent and highly effective method for extracting sensitive training data by inspecting exchanged gradients. This approach poses a substantial threat to the privacy of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Chenyang Li , Zhao Song , Weixin Wang , Chiwun Yang

Federated learning is a machine learning paradigm that emerges as a solution to the privacy-preservation demands in artificial intelligence. As machine learning, federated learning is threatened by adversarial attacks against the integrity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso , Daniel Jiménez López , M. Victoria Luzón , Francisco Herrera , Eugenio Martínez-Cámara

Real-world data is usually segmented by attributes and distributed across different parties. Federated learning empowers collaborative training without exposing local data or models. As we demonstrate through designed attacks, even with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Shuang Zhang , Liyao Xiang , Xi Yu , Pengzhi Chu , Yingqi Chen , Chen Cen , Li Wang

Federated learning claims to enable collaborative model training among multiple clients with data privacy by transmitting gradient updates instead of the actual client data. However, recent studies have shown the client privacy is still at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Maria Drencheva , Ivo Petrov , Maximilian Baader , Dimitar I. Dimitrov , Martin Vechev

Deep learning models are increasingly popular in many machine learning applications where the training data may contain sensitive information. To provide formal and rigorous privacy guarantee, many learning systems now incorporate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Xiangyi Chen , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Mingyi Hong