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This article gives a new proof that fully connected neural networks with random weights and biases converge to Gaussian processes in the regime where the input dimension, output dimension, and depth are kept fixed, while the hidden layer…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-06 Boris Hanin

Learning expressive probabilistic models correctly describing the data is a ubiquitous problem in machine learning. A popular approach for solving it is mapping the observations into a representation space with a simple joint distribution,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-28 Luigi Gresele , Giancarlo Fissore , Adrián Javaloy , Bernhard Schölkopf , Aapo Hyvärinen

We introduce a probability distribution, combined with an efficient sampling algorithm, for weights and biases of fully-connected neural networks. In a supervised learning context, no iterative optimization or gradient computations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Erik Lien Bolager , Iryna Burak , Chinmay Datar , Qing Sun , Felix Dietrich

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown great promise in tasks like node and graph classification, but they often struggle to generalize, particularly to unseen or out-of-distribution (OOD) data. These challenges are exacerbated when…

We present a new paradigm for speeding up randomized computations of several frequently used functions in machine learning. In particular, our paradigm can be applied for improving computations of kernels based on random embeddings. Above…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-26 Krzysztof Choromanski , Francois Fagan

This work demonstrates how increasing the number of neurons in a network without increasing its number of non-zero parameters improves performance. We show that this gain corresponds with a decrease in interference between multiple features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Linghao Kong , Inimai Subramanian , Yonadav Shavit , Micah Adler , Dan Alistarh , Nir Shavit

We investigate the sample complexity of networks with bounds on the magnitude of its weights. In particular, we consider the class \[ H=\left\{W_t\circ\rho\circ \ldots\circ\rho\circ W_{1} :W_1,\ldots,W_{t-1}\in M_{d, d}, W_t\in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Amit Daniely , Elad Granot

Ensembles of networks arise in various fields where multiple independent networks are observed on the same set of nodes, for example, a collection of brain networks constructed on the same brain regions for different individuals. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-21 Sa Ren , Xue Wang , Peng Liu , Jian Zhang

This paper aims to discuss the impact of random initialization of neural networks in the neural tangent kernel (NTK) theory, which is ignored by most recent works in the NTK theory. It is well known that as the network's width tends to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-10 Guhan Chen , Yicheng Li , Qian Lin

Subtle alterations in brain network topology often evade detection by traditional statistical methods. To address this limitation, we introduce a Bayesian inference framework for topological comparison of brain networks that…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-06 Xukun Zhu , Michael W Lutz , Tananun Songdechakraiwut

A longstanding goal in deep learning research has been to precisely characterize training and generalization. However, the often complex loss landscapes of neural networks have made a theory of learning dynamics elusive. In this work, we…

We investigate random matrices whose entries are obtained by applying a nonlinear kernel function to pairwise inner products between $n$ independent data vectors, drawn uniformly from the unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^d$. This study is…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-09 Yue M. Lu , Horng-Tzer Yau

Gaussian processes are ubiquitous in nature and engineering. A case in point is a class of neural networks in the infinite-width limit, whose priors correspond to Gaussian processes. Here we perturbatively extend this correspondence to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-28 Sho Yaida

Phylogenetics uses alignments of molecular sequence data to learn about evolutionary trees relating species. Along branches, sequence evolution is modelled using a continuous-time Markov process characterised by an instantaneous rate…

Deep neural networks are notorious for defying theoretical treatment. However, when the number of parameters in each layer tends to infinity, the network function is a Gaussian process (GP) and quantitatively predictive description is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Darshil Doshi , Tianyu He , Andrey Gromov

We propose stochastic, non-parametric activation functions that are fully learnable and individual to each neuron. Complexity and the risk of overfitting are controlled by placing a Gaussian process prior over these functions. The result is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-01 Sebastian Urban , Marcus Basalla , Patrick van der Smagt

Deep Gaussian Process (DGP) as a model prior in Bayesian learning intuitively exploits the expressive power in function composition. DGPs also offer diverse modeling capabilities, but inference is challenging because marginalization in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Chi-Ken Lu , Patrick Shafto

The logarithm of the time-evolution operator has been termed Magnusian, on account of the fact that its expansion describes the Magnus series. The diagrammatic expansion and computation of the classical Magnusian has been completely…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-26 Li Guo , Joon-Hwi Kim , Jung-Wook Kim , Sungsoo Kim , Sangmin Lee , Jian-Rong Li

We derive the Wick theorem for the q-Exponential distribution. We use the theorem to derive an algorithm for finding parameters of the correlation matrix of q-Exponentialy distributed random variables given empirical spectral moments of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Przemyslaw Repetowicz , Peter Richmond

We consider a possible generalization of the random matrix theory, which involves the maximization of Tsallis' $q$-parametrized entropy. We discuss the dependence of the spacing distribution on $q$ using a non-extensive generalization of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Y. Abul-Magd
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