Related papers: The Proton Electromagnetic Generalized Polarizabil…
In these notes we present a detailed and complete scheme for the calculation of polarization phenomena in elastic electron-nucleon scattering. The longitudinal and transversal components of the polarization for the scattered nucleon,…
We give an overview of low-energy Compton scattering (gamma^(*) p --> gamma p) with a real or virtual incoming photon. These processes allow the investigation of one of the fundamental properties of the nucleon, i.e. how its internal…
Model independent expressions for all polarization observables in $\mu+p\to \mu+p$ elastic scattering are obtained, taking into account the lepton mass and including the two-photon exchange contribution. The spin structure of the matrix…
After a brief introduction into the general importance of polarization observables for the analysis of a reaction, the basic density matrix formalism for the description of polarization phenomena is outlined and illustrated by explicit…
Coincidence scattering of polarized electrons from nuclei with polarization transfer to outgoing nucleons is studied within the context of relativistic mean field theory. Effects introduced by the dynamical enhancement of the lower…
Recent measurements of recoil polarization in elastic scattering have been used to extract the ratio of the electric to the magnetic proton form factors. These results disagree with Rosenbluth extractions from cross section measurements,…
We calculate the $N^*$ contributions to the generalized polarizabilities of the proton in virtual Compton scattering. The following nucleon excitations are included: $N^*(1535)$, $N^*(1650)$, $N^*(1520)$, $N^*(1700)$, $\Delta(1232)$,…
A method for quantization of the proton mass is here addressed, which provides a plausible explanation for the origin of mass and leads to the unification of mass and electric charge through their coupling. By means of an electromagnetic…
We report on a dispersion relation formalism for the virtual Compton scattering (VCS) reaction on the proton, which for the first time allows a dispersive evaluation of 4 generalized polarizabilities. The dispersion formalism provides a new…
The nucleon electromagnetic form factors have been studied in the past extensively from unpolarized electron scattering experiments. With the development in polarized beam, recoil polarimetry, and polarized target technologies, polarization…
We review the current state of knowledge of the nucleon polarizabilities and of their role in nucleon Compton scattering and in hydrogen spectrum. We discuss the basic concepts, the recent lattice QCD calculations and advances in chiral…
We present a phenomenological discussion of spin-independent, generalized dipole polarizabilities of hadrons entering the virtual Compton scattering process gamma* h -> gamma h. We introduce a new method of obtaining a tensor basis with…
The experimental observables for the elastic reaction induced by protons on electrons are calculated in the Born approximation. Model independent expressions are derived for the differential cross section and polarization observables.…
In addition to the E2/M1 ratio of the N->$\Delta$ transition, the electromagnetic polarizabilities and spin-polarizabilities are important structure constants of the nucleon which serve as sensitive tests of chiral perturbation theory and…
The dielectric constant, which defines the polarization of the media, is a key quantity in condensed matter. It determines several electronic and optoelectronic properties important for a plethora of modern technologies from computer memory…
The polarizability of a nanostructure is an important parameter that determines the optical properties. An exact semi-analytical solution of the electrostatic polarizability of a general geometry consisting of two segments forming a…
A general form of the polarization matrix valid for any type of electromagnetic radiation (plane waves, multipole radiation etc.) is defined in terms of a certain bilinear form in the field-strength tensor. The quantum counterpart is…
An analysis of all experimental data of 50's - 90's on elastic gamma-p scattering at photon energies below 150 MeV (10 experimental works) is performed in order to determine the electric (alpha_p) and magnetic (beta_p) polarizabilities of…
The proton polarizability correction to the Lamb shift of electronic and muonic hydrogen is calculated on the basis of isobar model and experimental data on the structure functions of deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering. The…
Aim of this paper is to present a brief and basic introduction to polarized beams and the behaviour of a particle's spin in an electromagnetic field. It is not intended to give a complete presentation of the spin dynamic theory. Instead the…