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A physics informed neural network (PINN) incorporates the physics of a system by satisfying its boundary value problem through a neural network's loss function. The PINN approach has shown great success in approximating the map between the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-17 Revanth Mattey , Susanta Ghosh

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), yet they often fail to achieve accurate convergence in the H1 norm, especially in the presence of boundary…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Qixuan Zhou , Chuqi Chen , Tao Luo , Yang Xiang

We propose a consistent physics-informed neural networks (CPINNs) framework for elliptic obstacle problems formulated as variational inequalities. The method is based on a mixed loss functional that is rigorously aligned with the stability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Arbaz Khan , Kent-Andre Mardal , Shiv Mishra

Solving Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) using neural networks presents different challenges, including integration errors and spectral bias, often leading to poor approximations. In addition, standard neural network-based methods,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Pablo Herrera , Jamie M. Taylor , Carlos Uriarte , Ignacio Muga , David Pardo , Kristoffer G. van der Zee

Forecasting physical signals in long time range is among the most challenging tasks in Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) research. To circumvent limitations of traditional solvers, many different Deep Learning methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Leon Migus , Julien Salomon , Patrick Gallinari

The numerical simulation of convection-dominated transient transport phenomena poses significant computational challenges due to sharp gradients and propagating fronts across the spatiotemporal domain. Classical discretization methods often…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Süleyman Cengizci , Ömür Uğur , Srinivasan Natesan

I provide an introduction to the application of deep learning and neural networks for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach, known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), involves minimizing the residual of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Hubert Baty

Partial differential equations (PDEs) play a crucial role in studying a vast number of problems in science and engineering. Numerically solving nonlinear and/or high-dimensional PDEs is often a challenging task. Inspired by the traditional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-11 Yihao Hu , Tong Zhao , Shixin Xu , Zhiliang Xu , Lizhen Lin

We present pseudo-differential enhanced physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), an extension of gradient enhancement but in Fourier space. Gradient enhancement of PINNs dictates that the PDE residual is taken to a higher differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Andrew Gracyk

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) represent a new paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating physical laws into the learning process of neural networks. However, ensuring that such frameworks fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Nanxi Chen , Sifan Wang , Rujin Ma , Airong Chen , Chuanjie Cui

While Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a mesh-free approach to solving PDEs, standard point-wise residual minimization suffers from convergence pathologies in topologically complex domains like Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Weizheng Zhang , Xunjie Xie , Hao Pan , Xiaowei Duan , Bingteng Sun , Qiang Du , Lin Lu

The physics informed neural network (PINN) is a promising method for solving time-evolution partial differential equations (PDEs). However, the standard PINN method may fail to solve the PDEs with strongly nonlinear characteristics or those…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-08 Jiawei Guo , Yanzhong Yao , Han Wang , Tongxiang Gu

Differential equations are indispensable to engineering and hence to innovation. In recent years, physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have emerged as a novel method for solving differential equations. PINN method has the advantage of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Mayank Raj , Pramod Kumbhar , Ratna Kumar Annabattula

We introduce NewPINNs, a physics-informing learning framework that couples neural networks with conventional numerical solvers for solving differential equations. Rather than enforcing governing equations and boundary conditions through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Maedeh Makki , Satish Chandran , Maziar Raissi , Adrien Grenier , Behzad Mohebbi

Recently, the advent of deep learning has spurred interest in the development of physics-informed neural networks (PINN) for efficiently solving partial differential equations (PDEs), particularly in a parametric setting. Among all…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-20 Han Gao , Luning Sun , Jian-Xun Wang

The physics-informed neural network (PINN) is capable of recovering partial differential equation (PDE) coefficients that remain constant throughout the spatial domain directly from physical measurements. In this work, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Ruixian Liu , Peter Gerstoft

We address a numerical framework for the stability and bifurcation analysis of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in which the solution is sought in the function space spanned by physics-informed random projection neural…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Gianluca Fabiani , Michail E. Kavousanakis , Constantinos Siettos , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are able to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by incorporating the residuals of the PDEs into their loss functions. Variational Physics-Informed Neural Networks (VPINNs) and hp-VPINNs use…

There has been an arising trend of adopting deep learning methods to study partial differential equations (PDEs). In this paper, we introduce a deep recurrent framework for solving time-dependent PDEs without generating large scale data…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Cheng Chang , Liu Liu , Tieyong Zeng

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and neural operators, two leading scientific machine learning (SciML) paradigms, have emerged as powerful tools for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Although increasing the training…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Weihang Ouyang , Min Zhu , Wei Xiong , Si-Wei Liu , Lu Lu