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Geometry problem-solving (GPS), a challenging task requiring both visual comprehension and symbolic reasoning, effectively measures the reasoning capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Humans exhibit strong reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Liangyu Xu , Yingxiu Zhao , Jingyun Wang , Yingyao Wang , Bu Pi , Chen Wang , Mingliang Zhang , Jihao Gu , Xiang Li , Xiaoyong Zhu , Jun Song , Bo Zheng

Diagram parsing is an important foundation for geometry problem solving, attracting increasing attention in the field of intelligent education and document image understanding. Due to the complex layout and between-primitive relationship,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Yihan Hao , Mingliang Zhang , Fei Yin , Linlin Huang

The application of contemporary artificial intelligence techniques to address geometric problems and automated deductive proof has always been a grand challenge to the interdiscipline field of mathematics and artificial Intelligence. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Yiming He , Jia Zou , Xiaokai Zhang , Na Zhu , Tuo Leng

Geometric problem solving (GPS) requires precise multimodal understanding and rigorous, step-by-step logical reasoning. However, developing capable Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for GPS is heavily bottlenecked by the scarcity of…

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in general domains and demonstrated promise in multimodal mathematical reasoning. However, applying MLLMs to geometry problem solving (GPS)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yicheng Pan , Zhenrong Zhang , Pengfei Hu , Jiefeng Ma , Jun Du , Jianshu Zhang , Quan Liu , Jianqing Gao , Feng Ma

Despite their proficiency in general tasks, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with automatic Geometry Problem Solving (GPS), which demands understanding diagrams, interpreting symbols, and performing complex reasoning. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Renqiu Xia , Mingsheng Li , Hancheng Ye , Wenjie Wu , Hongbin Zhou , Jiakang Yuan , Tianshuo Peng , Xinyu Cai , Xiangchao Yan , Bin Wang , Conghui He , Botian Shi , Tao Chen , Junchi Yan , Bo Zhang

Geometry problem solving presents a formidable challenge within the NLP community. Existing approaches often rely on models designed for solving math word problems, neglecting the unique characteristics of geometry math problems.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jiaxin Zhang , Yinghui Jiang , Yashar Moshfeghi

Visual reasoning, particularly spatial reasoning, is a challenging cognitive task that requires understanding object relationships and their interactions within complex environments, especially in robotics domain. Existing vision_language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Simindokht Jahangard , Mehrzad Mohammadi , Abhinav Dhall , Hamid Rezatofighi

Generating high-quality geometry problems is both an important and challenging task in education. Compared to math word problems, geometry problems further emphasize multi-modal formats and the translation between informal and formal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zhuoxuan Jiang , Tianyang Zhang , Peiyan Peng , Jing Chen , Yinong Xun , Haotian Zhang , Lichi Li , Yong Li , Shaohua Zhang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often struggle with geometric reasoning due to visual hallucinations and a lack of mathematically precise Chain-of-Thought (CoT) data. To address this, we propose the GeoSym Engine, an automated and scalable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jinhao Jing , Zheng Ma , Jinwei Liang , Qiannian Zhao , Shawn Chen , Jing Yang , Por Lip Yee , Prayag Tiwari , Jingjing Bai , Benyou Wang , Lewei Lu , Zhan Su

In this paper, we present a deep learning-based framework for solving geometric construction problems through visual reasoning, which is useful for automated geometry theorem proving. Constructible problems in geometry often ask for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Man Fai Wong , Xintong Qi , Chee Wei Tan

Empowered by large-scale training, vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong image and video understanding, yet their ability to perform spatial reasoning in both static scenes and dynamic videos remains limited. Recent advances try to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shihua Zhang , Qiuhong Shen , Shizun Wang , Tianbo Pan , Xinchao Wang

An important problem in geometric reasoning is to find the configuration of a collection of geometric bodies so as to satisfy a set of given constraints. Recently, it has been suggested that this problem can be solved efficiently by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-09-25 S. Bhansali , G. A. Kramer , T. J. Hoar

Evaluating the symbolic reasoning of large language models (LLMs) calls for geometry benchmarks that require multi-step proofs grounded in both text and diagrams. However, existing benchmarks are often limited in scale and rarely provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yushun Zhang , Weiping Fu , Zesheng Yang , Bo Zhao , Lingling Zhang , Jian Zhang , Yumeng Fu , Jiaxing Huang , Jun Liu

This paper presents GPSM4K, a comprehensive geometry multimodal dataset tailored to augment the problem-solving capabilities of Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs). GPSM4K encompasses 2157 multimodal question-answer pairs manually…

Geometry problem solving is a well-recognized testbed for evaluating the high-level multi-modal reasoning capability of deep models. In most existing works, two main geometry problems: calculation and proving, are usually treated as two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Jiaqi Chen , Tong Li , Jinghui Qin , Pan Lu , Liang Lin , Chongyu Chen , Xiaodan Liang

Large language models have shown impressive results for multi-hop mathematical reasoning when the input question is only textual. Many mathematical reasoning problems, however, contain both text and image. With the ever-increasing adoption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Mehran Kazemi , Hamidreza Alvari , Ankit Anand , Jialin Wu , Xi Chen , Radu Soricut

Mathematical geometric reasoning is essential for scientific discovery and educational development, requiring precise logic and rigorous formal verification. While recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have improved…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jingxuan Wei , Caijun Jia , Qi Chen , Honghao He , Linzhuang Sun , Conghui He , Lijun Wu , Bihui Yu , Cheng Tan

Spatial perception aims to estimate camera motion and scene structure from visual observations, a problem traditionally addressed through geometric modeling and physical consistency constraints. Recent learning-based methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haichao Zhu , Zhaorui Yang , Qian Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning capabilities in text-based mathematical problem solving; however, when adapted to visual reasoning tasks, particularly geometric problem solving, their performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Nannan Shi , Chuanyu Qin , Shipeng Song , Man Luo