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Simulation has become a crucial tool for Building Energy Optimization (BEO) as it enables the evaluation of different design and control strategies at a low cost. Machine Learning (ML) algorithms can leverage large-scale simulations to…

In many reinforcement learning tasks, the goal is to learn a policy to manipulate an agent, whose design is fixed, to maximize some notion of cumulative reward. The design of the agent's physical structure is rarely optimized for the task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 David Ha

While reinforcement learning (RL) can empower autonomous agents by enabling self-improvement through interaction, its practical adoption remains challenging due to costly rollouts, limited task diversity, unreliable reward signals, and…

Understanding the long-term impact of algorithmic interventions on society is vital to achieving responsible AI. Traditional evaluation strategies often fall short due to the complex, adaptive and dynamic nature of society. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Emmanuel Klu , Sameer Sethi , DJ Passey , Donald Martin

Search agents have emerged as a pivotal paradigm for solving open-ended, knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks. However, training these agents via Reinforcement Learning (RL) faces a critical dilemma: interacting with live commercial Web APIs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Xichen Zhang , Ziyi He , Yinghao Zhu , Sitong Wu , Shaozuo Yu , Meng Chu , Wenhu Zhang , Haoru Tan , Jiaya Jia

It is essential for autonomous robots to be socially compliant while navigating in human-populated environments. Machine Learning and, especially, Deep Reinforcement Learning have recently gained considerable traction in the field of Social…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Aditya Kapoor , Sushant Swamy , Luis Manso , Pilar Bachiller

Reinforcement learning (RL) is one of the most active fields of AI research. Despite the interest demonstrated by the research community in reinforcement learning, the development methodology still lags behind, with a severe lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Andreas Schuderer , Stefano Bromuri , Marko van Eekelen

Social simulation is essential for understanding collective human behavior by modeling how individual interactions give rise to large-scale social dynamics. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled multi-agent frameworks…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuwei Xu , Shulun Zhang , Yingli Zhou , Shipei Zeng , Laks V. S. Lakshmanan , Chenhao Ma

Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly applied to real-world problems involving complex and structured decisions, such as routing, scheduling, and assortment planning. These settings challenge standard RL algorithms, which struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Heiko Hoppe , Léo Baty , Louis Bouvier , Axel Parmentier , Maximilian Schiffer

Effective visual representation learning is crucial for reinforcement learning (RL) agents to extract task-relevant information from raw sensory inputs and generalize across diverse environments. However, existing RL benchmarks lack the…

Recent advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have increased the promise of introducing cognitive assistance and automation to robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS). However, progress in algorithms and methods depends on the…

Robots are still limited to controlled conditions, that the robot designer knows with enough details to endow the robot with the appropriate models or behaviors. Learning algorithms add some flexibility with the ability to discover the…

We introduce controlgym, a library of thirty-six industrial control settings, and ten infinite-dimensional partial differential equation (PDE)-based control problems. Integrated within the OpenAI Gym/Gymnasium (Gym) framework, controlgym…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Xiangyuan Zhang , Weichao Mao , Saviz Mowlavi , Mouhacine Benosman , Tamer Başar

Robot co-design, where the morphology of a robot is optimized jointly with a learned policy to solve a specific task, is an emerging area of research. It holds particular promise for soft robots, which are amenable to novel manufacturing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Suning Huang , Boyuan Chen , Huazhe Xu , Vincent Sitzmann

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms aim to learn optimal decisions in unknown environments through experience of taking actions and observing the rewards gained. In some cases, the environment is not influenced by the actions of the RL…

Accurately predicting opponents' behavior from interactions is a fundamental capability for large language model (LLM)-based agents in multi-agent and game-theoretic environments. Existing approaches often entangle opponent modeling with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shiyue Cao , Pei Xu , Likun Yang , Lei Cui , Xiaotang Chen , Kaiqi Huang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is currently used in various real-life applications. RL-based solutions have the potential to generically address problems, including the ones that are difficult to solve with heuristics and meta-heuristics and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Rafael F. Reale , Joberto S. B. Martins

Recommender Systems are becoming ubiquitous in many settings and take many forms, from product recommendation in e-commerce stores, to query suggestions in search engines, to friend recommendation in social networks. Current research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-09-17 David Rohde , Stephen Bonner , Travis Dunlop , Flavian Vasile , Alexandros Karatzoglou

Driven by inherent uncertainty and the sim-to-real gap, robust reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to improve resilience against the complexity and variability in agent-environment sequential interactions. Despite the existence of a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Shangding Gu , Laixi Shi , Muning Wen , Ming Jin , Eric Mazumdar , Yuejie Chi , Adam Wierman , Costas Spanos

Modeling and controlling fluid flows is critical for several fields of science and engineering, including transportation, energy, and medicine. Effective flow control can lead to, e.g., lift increase, drag reduction, mixing enhancement, and…

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