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Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems often struggle with transcribing child speech due to the lack of large child speech datasets required to accurately train child-friendly ASR models. However, there are huge amounts of annotated…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-26 Rishabh Jain , Andrei Barcovschi , Mariam Yiwere , Peter Corcoran , Horia Cucu

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models have achieved remarkable accuracy in general settings, yet their performance often degrades in domain-specific applications due to data mismatch and linguistic variability. This challenge is…

This paper investigates the in-context learning abilities of the Whisper automatic speech recognition (ASR) models released by OpenAI. A novel speech-based in-context learning (SICL) approach is proposed for test-time adaptation, which can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Siyin Wang , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Ji Wu , Chao Zhang

Current Multilingual ASR models only support a fraction of the world's languages. Continual Learning (CL) aims to tackle this problem by adding new languages to pre-trained models while avoiding the loss of performance on existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Chin Yuen Kwok , Jia Qi Yip , Eng Siong Chng

Continual Learning (CL) involves fine-tuning pre-trained models with new data while maintaining the performance on the pre-trained data. This is particularly relevant for expanding multilingual ASR (MASR) capabilities. However, existing CL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Chin Yuen Kwok , Jia Qi Yip , Eng Siong Chng

Whisper's robust performance in automatic speech recognition (ASR) is often attributed to its massive 680k-hour training set, an impractical scale for most researchers. In this work, we examine how linguistic and acoustic diversity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Dancheng Liu , Amir Nassereldine , Chenhui Xu , Jinjun Xiong

We study training a single acoustic model for multiple languages with the aim of improving automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance on low-resource languages, and over-all simplifying deployment of ASR systems that support diverse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-09 Vineel Pratap , Anuroop Sriram , Paden Tomasello , Awni Hannun , Vitaliy Liptchinsky , Gabriel Synnaeve , Ronan Collobert

Self-supervised pre-training of a speech foundation model, followed by supervised fine-tuning, has shown impressive quality improvements on automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks. Fine-tuning separate foundation models for many downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Zhouyuan Huo , Khe Chai Sim , Bo Li , Dongseong Hwang , Tara N. Sainath , Trevor Strohman

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has advanced with Speech Foundation Models (SFMs), yet performance degrades on dysarthric speech due to variability and limited data. This study as part of the submission to the Speech Accessibility…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Alexandre Ducorroy , Rachid Riad

General-purpose ASR underperforms for atypical speakers, such as L2 learners, reinforcing bias and limiting use in education and accessibility. Using the CEFR-graded Speak and Improve corpus, we show that naive fine-tuning of Whisper…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ling Sun , Charlotte Zhu , Shuju Shi

End-to-end models for robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) have not been sufficiently well-explored in prior work. With end-to-end models, one could choose to preprocess the input speech using speech enhancement techniques and train…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-15 Archiki Prasad , Preethi Jyothi , Rajbabu Velmurugan

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been extensively studied on neutral and stationary speech, yet its robustness under post-exercise physiological shift remains underexplored. Compared with resting speech, post-exercise speech often…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xiangyuan Xue , Yuyu Wang , Ruijie Yao , Xiaoyue Ni , Xiaofan Jiang , Jingping Nie

This work explores fine-tuning OpenAI's Whisper automatic speech recognition (ASR) model for Amharic, a low-resource language, to improve transcription accuracy. While the foundational Whisper model struggles with Amharic due to limited…

Multilingual language models are trained on a fixed set of languages, and to support new languages, the models need to be retrained from scratch. This is an expensive endeavor and is often infeasible, as model developers tend not to release…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Abraham Toluwase Owodunni , Sachin Kumar

Whisper is a recent Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model displaying impressive robustness to both out-of-distribution inputs and random noise. In this work, we show that this robustness does not carry over to adversarial noise. We show…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-14 Raphael Olivier , Bhiksha Raj

In this work, we address the challenge of building fair English ASR systems for second-language speakers. Our analysis of widely used ASR models, Whisper and Seamless-M4T, reveals large fluctuations in word error rate (WER) across 26 accent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Monorama Swain , Bubai Maji , Jagabandhu Mishra , Markus Schedl , Anders Søgaard , Jesper Rindom Jensen

Despite the impressive performance recently achieved by automatic speech recognition (ASR), we observe two primary challenges that hinder its broader applications: (1) The difficulty of introducing scalability into the model to support more…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-29 Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhang , Kaizhi Qian , Yonggan Fu , Yingyan Lin

Transformer models have been used in automatic speech recognition (ASR) successfully and yields state-of-the-art results. However, its performance is still affected by speaker mismatch between training and test data. Further finetuning a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-19 Yingzhu Zhao , Chongjia Ni , Cheung-Chi Leung , Shafiq Joty , Eng Siong Chng , Bin Ma

This paper presents a novel multistage fine-tuning strategy designed to enhance automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance in low-resource languages using OpenAI's Whisper model. In this approach we aim to build ASR model for languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Leena G Pillai , Kavya Manohar , Basil K Raju , Elizabeth Sherly

The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) has reformed the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Prompting LLM with audio embeddings to generate transcriptions becomes the new state-of-the-art ASR. Despite LLMs being trained with an extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Ozlem Kalinli