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Mathematical models are fundamental building blocks in the design of dynamical control systems. As control systems are becoming increasingly complex and networked, approaches for obtaining such models based on first principles reach their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Dominik Baumann , Friedrich Solowjow , Karl H. Johansson , Sebastian Trimpe

Multi-sensor fusion is essential for autonomous vehicle localization, as it is capable of integrating data from various sources for enhanced accuracy and reliability. The accuracy of the integrated location and orientation depends on the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Changhong Lin , Jiarong Lin , Zhiqiang Sui , XiaoZhi Qu , Rui Wang , Kehua Sheng , Bo Zhang

Improper driving results in fatalities, damages, increased energy consumptions, and depreciation of the vehicles. Analyzing driving behaviour could lead to optimize and avoid mentioned issues. By identifying the type of driving and mapping…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Farid Talebloo , Emad A. Mohammed , Behrouz H. Far

Learning a human-like driving policy from large-scale driving demonstrations is promising, but the uncertainty and non-deterministic nature of planning make it challenging. Existing learning-based planning methods follow a deterministic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Bo Jiang , Shaoyu Chen , Hao Gao , Bencheng Liao , Qian Zhang , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

With their potential to significantly reduce traffic accidents, enhance road safety, optimize traffic flow, and decrease congestion, autonomous driving systems are a major focus of research and development in recent years. Beyond these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Xu Wang , Mohammad Ali Maleki , Muhammad Waqar Azhar , Pedro Trancoso

Behaviour prediction function of an autonomous vehicle predicts the future states of the nearby vehicles based on the current and past observations of the surrounding environment. This helps enhance their awareness of the imminent hazards.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-07 Sajjad Mozaffari , Omar Y. Al-Jarrah , Mehrdad Dianati , Paul Jennings , Alexandros Mouzakitis

Ensuring safe autonomous driving in the presence of occlusions poses a significant challenge in its policy design. While existing model-driven control techniques based on set invariance can handle visible risks, occlusions create latent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Zhuoyuan Wang , Tongyao Jia , Pharuj Rajborirug , Neeraj Ramesh , Hiroyuki Okuda , Tatsuya Suzuki , Soummya Kar , Yorie Nakahira

Black box systems for automated decision making, often based on machine learning over (big) data, map a user's features into a class or a score without exposing the reasons why. This is problematic not only for lack of transparency, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Dino Pedreschi , Fosca Giannotti , Riccardo Guidotti , Anna Monreale , Luca Pappalardo , Salvatore Ruggieri , Franco Turini

Recent years have seen a growing research interest in applications of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) on autonomous vehicle technology. The trend started with perception and prediction a few years ago and it is gradually being applied to motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hang Zhou , Haichao Liu , Hongliang Lu , Dan Xu , Jun Ma , Yiding Ji

End-to-end autonomous driving systems, predominantly trained through imitation learning, have demonstrated considerable effectiveness in leveraging large-scale expert driving data. Despite their success in open-loop evaluations, these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yi Huang , Zhan Qu , Lihui Jiang , Bingbing Liu , Hongbo Zhang

Advancements in data-driven machine learning have emerged as a pivotal element in supporting automotive software systems (ASSs) engineering across various levels of the V-development process.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mohammad Abboush , Ehab Ghannoum , Andreas Rausch

How can we rely on an end-to-end autonomous vehicle's complex decision-making system during deployment? One common solution is to have a ``fallback layer'' that checks the planned trajectory for rule violations and replaces it with a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Chonghao Sima , Kashyap Chitta , Zhiding Yu , Shiyi Lan , Ping Luo , Andreas Geiger , Hongyang Li , Jose M. Alvarez

Deploying machine learning models in safety-related do-mains (e.g. autonomous driving, medical diagnosis) demands for approaches that are explainable, robust against adversarial attacks and aware of the model uncertainty. Recent deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Jan Kronenberger , Anselm Haselhoff

In an era marked by the rapid scaling of foundation models, autonomous driving technologies are approaching a transformative threshold where end-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) emerges due to its potential of scaling up in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Xiaosong Jia , Zhenjie Yang , Qifeng Li , Zhiyuan Zhang , Junchi Yan

End-to-end autonomous driving recently emerged as a promising research direction to target autonomy from a full-stack perspective. Along this line, many of the latest works follow an open-loop evaluation setting on nuScenes to study the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhiqi Li , Zhiding Yu , Shiyi Lan , Jiahan Li , Jan Kautz , Tong Lu , Jose M. Alvarez

End-to-end learners for autonomous driving are deep neural networks that predict the instantaneous steering angle directly from images of the ahead-lying street. These learners must provide reliable uncertainty estimates for their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-05 Clara Hoffmann , Nadja Klein

Advanced sensors are a key to enable self-driving cars technology. Laser scanner sensors (LiDAR, Light Detection And Ranging) became a fundamental choice due to its long-range and robustness to low light driving conditions. The problem of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-19 Khaled Elmadawi , Moemen Abdelrazek , Mohamed Elsobky , Hesham M. Eraqi , Mohamed Zahran

Deep learning, with its exceptional learning capabilities and flexibility, has been widely applied in various applications. However, its black-box nature poses a significant challenge in real-time robotic applications, particularly in robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Koji Matsuno , Chien Chern Cheah

Recent years have seen growing interest in the development of self-driving vehicles that promise (or threaten) to replace human drivers with intelligent software. However, current self-driving cars still require human supervision and prompt…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Nguyen H Tran , Abhaya C Nayak

Guaranteeing safety of perception-based learning systems is challenging due to the absence of ground-truth state information unlike in state-aware control scenarios. In this paper, we introduce a safety guaranteed learning framework for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Wei Xiao , Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Makram Chahine , Alexander Amini , Ramin Hasani , Daniela Rus