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Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is a subject concerned with the dynamics of electrically conducting fluids (plasma) and can be applied in electric power generation. As a unique technology for producing direct-current electricity without moving…
Conventional heat engines typically require two distinct thermal reservoirs, with their efficiency strictly bounded by the Carnot limit. We present a theoretical design for a phase-change heat engine that utilizes water as the working fluid…
One key challenge for efficiency and safety in fusion devices is the retention of tritium (T) in plasma-facing components. Tritium retention generates radioactive concerns and decreases the amount of fuel available to generate power. Hence,…
Langmuir probe techniques have been used to study time and spatially resolved electron densities and electron temperatures in pulse-modulated hydrogen discharges in two different planar microwave reactors (fmicrowave= 2.45 GHz, tpulse= 1…
Maximising particle and energy confinement is crucial for achieving the sustained burning plasma conditions necessary to realise fusion energy. For stellarator reactors, one proposed strategy for avoiding destructive instabilities is to…
High-temperature bad-metal transport has been recently studied both theoretically and in experiments as one of the key signatures of strong electronic correlations. Here we use the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) and its cluster…
We develop a nonperturbative technique in field theory to study properties of infinite nuclear matter at zero temperature as well as at finite temperatures. Here we dress the nuclear matter with off-mass shell pions. The techniques of…
The radiative neutron capture reaction rates of the r-process nucleosynthesis are immensely affected by the microscopic structure of the low-energy spectra of compound nuclei. The relativistic (quasiparticle) time blocking approximation…
A spectrally tunable VCSEL (vertical cavity surface-emitting laser) was used as part of sensing hardware for measurements of the radial-integrated gas temperature inside an inductively coupled plasma reactor. The data were obtained by…
The plasma in low-luminosity accretion flows, such as the one around the black hole at the center of M87 or Sgr A* at our Galactic Center, is expected to be collisioness and two-temperature, with protons hotter than electrons. Here,…
The photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell is dependent on its temperature. When the solar radiation is incident on the photovoltaics (PV) panel, a large portion of it is absorbed by the underlying material which increases its…
A new analysis technique for the inference of degree of dissociation of weakly collisional hydrogen plasmas was developed and tested with an experiment. Neutrals in low temperature plasmas are critical to a wide range of plasma-based…
The increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in distribution grids can lead to overvoltage and transformer overloading issues. While voltage regulation has been extensively studied and some research has addressed transformer…
An open-source database of 457 experimental and numerical entries representing 32 machines$-$including tokamaks, stellarators, and linear plasma devices$-$is assembled. From this dataset, we derive multi-machine scaling laws that predict…
A p-n junction maintained at above ambient temperature can work as a heat engine, converting some of the supplied heat into electricity and rejecting entropy by interband emission. Such thermoradiative cells have potential to harvest…
The nuclear liquid-gas transition at normal nuclear densities, $n \sim n_0 = 0.16$ fm$^{-3}$, and small temperatures, $T \sim 20$ MeV, has a large influence on analytic properties of the QCD grand-canonical thermodynamic potential. A…
Plasma edge simulations with the SOLPS-ITER code are performed to study the influence of divertor baffles on nitrogen-seeded detachment in TCV single-null, L-mode discharges. Scans of nitrogen seeding rate are conducted in both baffled and…
This paper presents a classification of generator excitation waveforms using principal component analysis (PCA) and machine learning models, including logistic regression, random forest, and gradient boosting decision trees (GBDT). Building…
One of the main challenges concerning next generation tokamaks (such as DEMO) will be the development of a heat and power exhaust system able to withstand the large loads expected in the divertor region. A dedicated Divertor Tokamak Test…
Ion nitriding and ion carburising by plasma discharges are promising techniques in order to modify the surface of austenitic steels. Plasma treatments improve mechanical properties, e.g., hardness and wear resistance. Indeed, these…