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Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation have achieved impressive results, yet existing models often struggle with simple or underspecified prompts, leading to suboptimal image-text alignment, aesthetics, and quality. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ruibo Chen , Jiacheng Pan , Heng Huang , Zhenheng Yang

Text-to-image generative models excel in creating images from text but struggle with ensuring alignment and consistency between outputs and prompts. This paper introduces TextMatch, a novel framework that leverages multimodal optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yucong Luo , Mingyue Cheng , Jie Ouyang , Xiaoyu Tao , Qi Liu

In the text-to-image generation field, recent remarkable progress in Stable Diffusion makes it possible to generate rich kinds of novel photorealistic images. However, current models still face misalignment issues (e.g., problematic spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Leigang Qu , Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liqiang Nie , Tat-Seng Chua

This paper presents a systematic investigation into the constrained generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in producing Songci, a classical Chinese poetry form characterized by strict structural, tonal, and rhyme…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Zhan Qu , Shuzhou Yuan , Michael Färber

Evaluating the quality of automatically generated image descriptions is challenging, requiring metrics that capture various aspects such as grammaticality, coverage, correctness, and truthfulness. While human evaluation offers valuable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Jia-Hong Huang , Hongyi Zhu , Yixian Shen , Stevan Rudinac , Alessio M. Pacces , Evangelos Kanoulas

Rapid advancement of diffusion models has catalyzed remarkable progress in the field of image generation. However, prevalent models such as Flux, SD3.5 and Midjourney, still grapple with issues like model bias, limited text rendering…

Recent progress in neural learning demonstrated that machines can do well in regularized tasks, e.g., the game of Go. However, artistic activities such as poem generation are still widely regarded as human's special capability. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-21 Qixin Wang , Tianyi Luo , Dong Wang

This work investigates a challenging task named open-domain interleaved image-text generation, which generates interleaved texts and images following an input query. We propose a new interleaved generation framework based on prompting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Jie An , Zhengyuan Yang , Linjie Li , Jianfeng Wang , Kevin Lin , Zicheng Liu , Lijuan Wang , Jiebo Luo

Vision is a common source of inspiration for poetry. The objects and the sentimental imprints that one perceives from an image may lead to various feelings depending on the reader. In this paper, we present a system of poetry generation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Wen-Feng Cheng , Chao-Chung Wu , Ruihua Song , Jianlong Fu , Xing Xie , Jian-Yun Nie

Metaphors are common in everyday language, and the identification and understanding of metaphors are facilitated by models to achieve a better understanding of the text. Metaphors are mainly identified and generated by pre-trained models in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jie Wang , Jin Wang , Xuejie Zhang

With rapid development of neural networks, deep-learning has been extended to various natural language generation fields, such as machine translation, dialogue generation and even literature creation. In this paper, we propose a theme-aware…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Jie Wang , Xinyan Zhao

Despite recent progress in text-to-image (T2I) generation, existing models often struggle to faithfully capture user intentions from short and under-specified prompts. While prior work has attempted to enhance prompts using large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mingrui Wu , Lu Wang , Pu Zhao , Fangkai Yang , Jianjin Zhang , Jianfeng Liu , Yuefeng Zhan , Weihao Han , Hao Sun , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Qingwei Lin , Weiwei Deng , Dongmei Zhang , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang , Rongrong Ji

Translating information between text and image is a fundamental problem in artificial intelligence that connects natural language processing and computer vision. In the past few years, performance in image caption generation has seen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Hao Dong , Jingqing Zhang , Douglas McIlwraith , Yike Guo

Image is usually taken for expressing some kinds of emotions or purposes, such as love, celebrating Christmas. There is another better way that combines the image and relevant song to amplify the expression, which has drawn much attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Xuelong Li , Di Hu , Xiaoqiang Lu

We study idiom-based visual puns--images that align an idiom's literal and figurative meanings--and present an iterative framework that coordinates a large language model (LLM), a text-to-image model (T2IM), and a multimodal LLM (MLLM) for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kelaiti Xiao , Liang Yang , Dongyu Zhang , Paerhati Tulajiang , Hongfei Lin

Large-scale pre-trained language models have demonstrated strong capabilities of generating realistic text. However, it remains challenging to control the generation results. Previous approaches such as prompting are far from sufficient,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Xu Zou , Da Yin , Qingyang Zhong , Ming Ding , Hongxia Yang , Zhilin Yang , Jie Tang

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have made remarkable progress in generating images from text prompts, but their output quality and safety still depend heavily on how prompts are phrased. Existing safety methods typically refine prompts using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jinwoo Jeon , JunHyeok Oh , Hayeong Lee , Byung-Jun Lee

Generating images from rhetorical languages remains a critical challenge for text-to-image models. Even state-of-the-art (SOTA) multimodal large language models (MLLM) fail to generate images based on the hidden meaning inherent in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yuxi Zhang , Yueting Li , Xinyu Du , Sibo Wang

The consistent mapping from poems to paintings is essential for the research and restoration of traditional Chinese gardens. But the lack of firsthand ma-terial is a great challenge to the reconstruction work. In this paper, we pro-pose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Jiaxi Shi1 , Hao Hua1

Composing poetry or lyrics involves several creative factors, but a challenging aspect of generation is the adherence to a more or less strict metric and rhyming pattern. To address this challenge specifically, previous work on the task has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Tommaso Pasini , Alejo López-Ávila , Husam Quteineh , Gerasimos Lampouras , Jinhua Du , Yubing Wang , Ze Li , Yusen Sun