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The task of classifying X-ray data is a problem of both theoretical and clinical interest. Whilst supervised deep learning methods rely upon huge amounts of labelled data, the critical problem of achieving a good classification accuracy…

Text classification tends to be difficult when data are deficient or when it is required to adapt to unseen classes. In such challenging scenarios, recent studies have often used meta-learning to simulate the few-shot task, thus negating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Shumin Deng , Ningyu Zhang , Zhanlin Sun , Jiaoyan Chen , Huajun Chen

Although state-of-the-art Speech Foundational Models can produce high-quality text pseudo-labels, applying Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) for in-the-wild real-world data remains challenging due to its richer and more complex acoustics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Wen Ding , Fan Qian

In this paper we propose a novel learning framework called Supervised and Weakly Supervised Learning where the goal is to learn simultaneously from weakly and strongly labeled data. Strongly labeled data can be simply understood as fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Anurag Kumar , Bhiksha Raj

Large-scale multi-label classification datasets are commonly, and perhaps inevitably, partially annotated. That is, only a small subset of labels are annotated per sample. Different methods for handling the missing labels induce different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Emanuel Ben-Baruch , Tal Ridnik , Itamar Friedman , Avi Ben-Cohen , Nadav Zamir , Asaf Noy , Lihi Zelnik-Manor

Cross-lingual text classification alleviates the need for manually labeled documents in a target language by leveraging labeled documents from other languages. Existing approaches for transferring supervision across languages require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Giannis Karamanolakis , Daniel Hsu , Luis Gravano

In practical machine learning applications, it is often challenging to assign accurate labels to data, and increasing the number of labeled instances is often limited. In such cases, Weakly Supervised Learning (WSL), which enables training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Tomoya Tate , Kosuke Sugiyama , Masato Uchida

Machine Learning (ML) techniques for image classification routinely require many labelled images for training the model and while testing, we ought to use images belonging to the same domain as those used for training. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Preeti Jagdish Sajjan , Frank G. Glavin

The absence of adequately sufficient expert-level tumor annotations hinders the effectiveness of supervised learning based opportunistic cancer screening on medical imaging. Clinical reports (that are rich in descriptive textual details)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Guangyu Guo , Jiawen Yao , Yingda Xia , Tony C. W. Mok , Zhilin Zheng , Junwei Han , Le Lu , Dingwen Zhang , Jian Zhou , Ling Zhang

Currently, machine learning techniques have seen significant success across various applications. Most of these techniques rely on supervision from human-generated labels or a mixture of noisy and imprecise labels from multiple sources.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yanbo Wang , Wenyu Chen , Shimin Shan

Arbitrary-shaped text detection is an important and challenging task in computer vision. Most existing methods require heavy data labeling efforts to produce polygon-level text region labels for supervised training. In order to reduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Mengbiao Zhao , Wei Feng , Fei Yin , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) is a framework that utilizes both labeled and unlabeled data to enhance model performance. Conventional SSL methods operate under the assumption that labeled and unlabeled data share the same label space.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Noam Fluss , Guy Hacohen , Daphna Weinshall

Open-vocabulary Extreme Multi-label Classification (OXMC) extends traditional XMC by allowing prediction beyond an extremely large, predefined label set (typically $10^3$ to $10^{12}$ labels), addressing the dynamic nature of real-world…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ranran Haoran Zhang , Bensu Uçar , Soumik Dey , Hansi Wu , Binbin Li , Rui Zhang

It remains difficult to evaluate machine learning classifiers in the absence of a large, labeled dataset. While labeled data can be prohibitively expensive or impossible to obtain, unlabeled data is plentiful. Here, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Divya Shanmugam , Shuvom Sadhuka , Manish Raghavan , John Guttag , Bonnie Berger , Emma Pierson

Many ways of annotating a dataset for machine learning classification tasks that go beyond the usual class labels exist in practice. These are of interest as they can simplify or facilitate the collection of annotations, while not greatly…

Vision transformers combined with self-supervised learning have enabled the development of models which scale across large datasets for several downstream tasks like classification, segmentation and detection. The low-shot learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Srinivasa Rao Nandam , Sara Atito , Zhenhua Feng , Josef Kittler , Muhammad Awais

Existing methods for large-scale point cloud semantic segmentation require expensive, tedious and error-prone manual point-wise annotations. Intuitively, weakly supervised training is a direct solution to reduce the cost of labeling.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Yachao Zhang , Zonghao Li , Yuan Xie , Yanyun Qu , Cuihua Li , Tao Mei

Creating labeled training sets has become one of the major roadblocks in machine learning. To address this, recent \emph{Weak Supervision (WS)} frameworks synthesize training labels from multiple potentially noisy supervision sources.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Jieyu Zhang , Bohan Wang , Xiangchen Song , Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Jing Bai , Alexander Ratner

In this paper, we focus on data augmentation for the extreme multi-label classification (XMC) problem. One of the most challenging issues of XMC is the long tail label distribution where even strong models suffer from insufficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Danqing Zhang , Tao Li , Haiyang Zhang , Bing Yin

Although unsupervised person re-identification (RE-ID) has drawn increasing research attentions due to its potential to address the scalability problem of supervised RE-ID models, it is very challenging to learn discriminative information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Hong-Xing Yu , Wei-Shi Zheng , Ancong Wu , Xiaowei Guo , Shaogang Gong , Jian-Huang Lai