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This paper presents a novel end-to-end LLM-empowered explainable speech emotion recognition (SER) approach. Fine-grained speech emotion descriptor (SED) features, e.g., pitch, tone and emphasis, are disentangled from HuBERT SSL…

To decipher the algorithm underlying the human brain's language representation, previous work probed brain responses to language input with pre-trained artificial neural network (ANN) models fine-tuned on NLU tasks. However, full…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Jingyuan Sun , Marie-Francine Moens

This paper proposes a hierarchical generative model with a multi-grained latent variable to synthesize expressive speech. In recent years, fine-grained latent variables are introduced into the text-to-speech synthesis that enable the fine…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-28 Yukiya Hono , Kazuna Tsuboi , Kei Sawada , Kei Hashimoto , Keiichiro Oura , Yoshihiko Nankaku , Keiichi Tokuda

Speech 'in-the-wild' is a handicap for speaker recognition systems due to the variability induced by real-life conditions, such as environmental noise and the emotional state of the speaker. Taking advantage of the principles of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-17 Esther Rituerto-González , Carmen Peláez-Moreno

In expressive speech synthesis it is widely adopted to use latent prosody representations to deal with variability of the data during training. Same text may correspond to various acoustic realizations, which is known as a one-to-many…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-13 Mikolaj Babianski , Kamil Pokora , Raahil Shah , Rafal Sienkiewicz , Daniel Korzekwa , Viacheslav Klimkov

A Prompt-based Text-To-Speech model allows a user to control different aspects of speech, such as speaking rate and perceived gender, through natural language instruction. Although user-friendly, such approaches are on one hand constrained:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Atli Sigurgeirsson , Simon King

Whether a word was bawled, whispered, or yelped, captions will typically represent it in the same way. If they are your only way to access what is being said, subjective nuances expressed in the voice will be lost. Since so much of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Caluã de Lacerda Pataca , Paula Dornhofer Paro Costa

Recently end-to-end neural audio/speech coding has shown its great potential to outperform traditional signal analysis based audio codecs. This is mostly achieved by following the VQ-VAE paradigm where blind features are learned,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Xue Jiang , Xiulian Peng , Yuan Zhang , Yan Lu

The evaluation of synthetic and processed speech has long been a cornerstone of audio engineering and speech science. Although subjective listening tests remain the gold standard for assessing perceptual quality and intelligibility, their…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-05 Yu Tsao

End-to-end transformer-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems often capture multiple speech traits in their learned representations that are highly entangled, leading to a lack of interpretability. In this study, we propose the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Pu Wang , Hugo Van hamme

Pretrained self-supervised speech models excel in speech tasks but do not reflect the hierarchy of human speech processing, as they encode rich semantics in middle layers and poor semantics in late layers. Recent work showed that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Omer Moussa , Mariya Toneva

We propose a novel Multi-Scale Spectrogram (MSS) modelling approach to synthesise speech with an improved coarse and fine-grained prosody. We present a generic multi-scale spectrogram prediction mechanism where the system first predicts…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-01 Ammar Abbas , Bajibabu Bollepalli , Alexis Moinet , Arnaud Joly , Penny Karanasou , Peter Makarov , Simon Slangens , Sri Karlapati , Thomas Drugman

Sharing real-world speech utterances is key to the training and deployment of voice-based services. However, it also raises privacy risks as speech contains a wealth of personal data. Speaker anonymization aims to remove speaker information…

Spurred by the demand for interpretable models, research on eXplainable AI for language technologies has experienced significant growth, with feature attribution methods emerging as a cornerstone of this progress. While prior work in NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Dennis Fucci , Marco Gaido , Beatrice Savoldi , Matteo Negri , Mauro Cettolo , Luisa Bentivogli

Recent advances in artificial speech and audio technologies have improved the abilities of deep-fake operators to falsify media and spread malicious misinformation. Anyone with limited coding skills can use freely available speech synthesis…

In this paper, we present a novel method for phoneme-level prosody control of F0 and duration using intuitive discrete labels. We propose an unsupervised prosodic clustering process which is used to discretize phoneme-level F0 and duration…

Interpretability benefits the theoretical understanding of representations. Existing word embeddings are generally dense representations. Hence, the meaning of latent dimensions is difficult to interpret. This makes word embeddings like a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Minxue Xia , Hao Zhu

A lot of work has been done to build text-based language models for performing different NLP tasks, but not much research has been done in the case of audio-based language models. This paper proposes a Convolutional Autoencoder based neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Prakamya Mishra , Pranav Mathur

The objective of this paper is to learn representations of speaker identity without access to manually annotated data. To do so, we develop a self-supervised learning objective that exploits the natural cross-modal synchrony between faces…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-05 Arsha Nagrani , Joon Son Chung , Samuel Albanie , Andrew Zisserman

Learning vector representation for words is an important research field which may benefit many natural language processing tasks. Two limitations exist in nearly all available models, which are the bias caused by the context definition and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-06-01 Xuefeng Yang , Kezhi Mao