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User-randomized A/B testing has emerged as the gold standard for online experimentation. However, when this kind of approach is not feasible due to legal, ethical or practical considerations, experimenters have to consider alternatives like…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-17 Paul Missault , Lorenzo Masoero , Christian Delbé , Thomas Richardson , Guido Imbens

In clinical trials studying paired parts of a subject with binary outcomes, it is expected to collect measurements bilaterally. However, there are cases where subjects contribute measurements for only one part. By utilizing combined data,…

Applications · Statistics 2024-03-06 Shuyi Liang , Kai-Tai Fang , Xin-Wei Huang , Yijing Xin , Chang-Xing Ma

Online and AI-based symptom checkers are applications that assist medical laypeople in diagnosing their symptoms and determining which course of action to take. When evaluating these tools, previous studies primarily used an approach…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Marvin Kopka , Markus A. Feufel

In contrast to typical laboratory experiments, the everyday use of online educational resources by large populations and the prevalence of software infrastructure for A/B testing leads us to consider how platforms can embed in vivo…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Joseph Jay Williams , Korinn Ostrow , Xiaolu Xiong , Elena Glassman , Juho Kim , Samuel G. Maldonado , Na Li , Justin Reich , Neil Hefferman

Determining whether published scientific findings can successfully be replicated is a long-standing challenge in the empirical sciences. Existing approaches for replicability assessment typically rely either on human judgment, i.e.,…

In recent years, attention has increasingly focused on enhancing user satisfaction with user interfaces, spanning both mobile applications and websites. One fundamental aspect of human-machine interaction is the concept of web usability. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Noe Zermeño , Cristina Zuheros , Lucas Daniel Del Rosso Calache , Francisco Herrera , Rosana Montes

Online controlled experiments, also known as A/B testing, are the digital equivalent of randomized controlled trials for estimating the impact of marketing campaigns on website visitors. Stratified sampling is a traditional technique for…

A/B testing is an important decision-making tool in product development for evaluating user engagement or satisfaction from a new service, feature or product. The goal of A/B testing is to estimate the average treatment effects (ATE) of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-21 Yifan Zhou , Yang Liu , Ping Li , Feifang Hu

In an A/B test, the typical objective is to measure the total average treatment effect (TATE), which measures the difference between the average outcome if all users were treated and the average outcome if all users were untreated. However,…

Applications · Statistics 2020-04-28 David Holtz , Sinan Aral

A/B testing is critical for modern technological companies to evaluate the effectiveness of newly developed products against standard baselines. This paper studies optimal designs that aim to maximize the amount of information obtained from…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-07 Ting Li , Chengchun Shi , Jianing Wang , Fan Zhou , Hongtu Zhu

As part of formative and summative assessments in programming courses, students work on developing programming artifacts following a given specification. These artifacts are evaluated by the teachers. At the end of this evaluation, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Manuel Maarek , Léon McGregor

A method is discussed that allows combining sets of differential or inclusive measurements. It is assumed that at least one measurement was obtained with simultaneously fitting a set of nuisance parameters, representing sources of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-01-09 Jan Kieseler

Randomized experiments (A/B testings) have become the standard way for web-facing companies to guide innovation, evaluate new products, and prioritize ideas. There are times, however, when running an experiment is too complicated (e.g., we…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-20 Iavor Bojinov , Ye Tu , Min Liu , Ya Xu

To support efficient, balanced news consumption, merging articles from diverse sources into one, potentially through crowdsourcing, could alleviate some hurdles. However, the merging process could also impact annotators' attitudes towards…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Md Momen Bhuiyan , Sang Won Lee , Nitesh Goyal , Tanushree Mitra

Digital firms routinely run many online experiments on shared user populations. When product decisions are compositional, such as combinations of interface elements, flows, messages, or incentives, the number of feasible interventions grows…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-13 Xin Wen , Xi Chen , Will Wei Sun , Yichen Zhang

System modeling is a classical approach to ensure their reliability since it is suitable both for a formal verification and for software testing techniques. In the context of model-based testing an approach combining random testing and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Julien Bernard , Pierre-Cyrille Héam , Olga Kouchnarenko

A generalization of Passing-Bablok regression is proposed for comparing multiple measurement methods simultaneously. Possible applications include assay migration studies or interlaboratory trials. When comparing only two methods, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-25 Florian Dufey

Selecting the optimal recommender via online exploration-exploitation is catching increasing attention where the traditional A/B testing can be slow and costly, and offline evaluations are prone to the bias of history data. Finding the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Da Xu , Chuanwei Ruan , Evren Korpeoglu , Sushant Kumar , Kannan Achan

Content-based and collaborative filtering methods are the most successful solutions in recommender systems. Content based method is based on items attributes. This method checks the features of users favourite items and then proposes the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-02-14 Niloofar Rastin , Mansoor Zolghadri Jahromi

Couples' relationships affect the physical health and emotional well-being of partners. Automatically recognizing each partner's emotions could give a better understanding of their individual emotional well-being, enable interventions and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-18 George Boateng , Elgar Fleisch , Tobias Kowatsch