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As AI systems become increasingly sophisticated, questions about machine consciousness and its ethical implications have moved from fringe speculation to mainstream academic debate. Current ethical frameworks in this domain often implicitly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Zhou Ziheng , Haiqiang Dai , Bin Ling , Ying Nian Wu , Demetri Terzopoulos

Several high-profile events, such as the mass testing of emotion recognition systems on vulnerable sub-populations and using question answering systems to make moral judgments, have highlighted how technology will often lead to more adverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Saif M. Mohammad

AI is transforming the existing technology landscape at a rapid phase enabling data-informed decision making and autonomous decision making. Unlike any other technology, because of the decision-making ability of AI, ethics and governance…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Mahendra Samarawickrama

Increasing interest in ensuring the safety of next-generation Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems calls for novel approaches to embedding morality into autonomous agents. This goal differs qualitatively from traditional task-specific AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Elizaveta Tennant , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions and technologies are being increasingly adopted in smart systems context, however, such technologies are continuously concerned with ethical uncertainties. Various guidelines, principles, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Arif Ali Khan , Muhammad Azeem Akbar , Mahdi Fahmideh , Peng Liang , Muhammad Waseem , Aakash Ahmad , Mahmood Niazi , Pekka Abrahamsson

Many sets of ethics principles for responsible AI have been proposed to allay concerns about misuse and abuse of AI/ML systems. The underlying aspects of such sets of principles include privacy, accuracy, fairness, robustness,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Conrad Sanderson , David Douglas , Qinghua Lu

Mainstream AI ethics, with its reliance on top-down, principle-driven frameworks, fails to account for the situated realities of diverse communities affected by AI (Artificial Intelligence). Critics have argued that AI ethics frequently…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Paula Helm , Selin Gerlek

While much research in artificial intelligence (AI) has focused on scaling capabilities, the accelerating pace of development makes countervailing work on producing harmless, "aligned" systems increasingly urgent. Yet research on alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Dani Roytburg , Beck Miller

Although artificial intelligence (AI) is solving real-world challenges and transforming industries, there are serious concerns about its ability to behave and make decisions in a responsible way. Many AI ethics principles and guidelines for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Jon Whittle , David Douglas , Conrad Sanderson

Over the past decade, an ecosystem of measures has emerged to evaluate the social and ethical implications of AI systems, largely shaped by high-level ethics principles. These measures are developed and used in fragmented ways, without…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shalaleh Rismani , Renee Shelby , Leah Davis , Negar Rostamzadeh , AJung Moon

Various recent Artificial Intelligence (AI) system failures, some of which have made the global headlines, have highlighted issues in these systems. These failures have resulted in calls for more ethical AI systems that better take into…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Ville Vakkuri , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Pekka Abrahamsson

Today, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a direct impact on the daily life of billions of people. Being applied to sectors like finance, health, security and advertisement, AI fuels some of the biggest companies and research institutions in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Dario Garcia-Gasulla , Atia Cortés , Sergio Alvarez-Napagao , Ulises Cortés

Artificial intelligence develops techniques and systems whose performance must be evaluated on a regular basis in order to certify and foster progress in the discipline. We will describe and critically assess the different ways AI systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Jose Hernandez-Orallo

The popularisation of applying AI in businesses poses significant challenges relating to ethical principles, governance, and legal compliance. Although businesses have embedded AI into their day-to-day processes, they lack a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Haocheng Lin

There is an overwhelming abundance of works in AI Ethics. This growth is chaotic because of how sudden it is, its volume, and its multidisciplinary nature. This makes difficult to keep track of debates, and to systematically characterize…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Emanuele Ratti

We present an overview of the literature on trust in AI and AI trustworthiness and argue for the need to distinguish these concepts more clearly and to gather more empirically evidence on what contributes to people s trusting behaviours. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Andreas Duenser , David M. Douglas

Emerging AI regulations assign distinct obligations to different actors along the AI value chain (e.g., the EU AI Act distinguishes providers and deployers for both AI models and AI systems), yet the foundational terms "AI model" and "AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yuanyuan Sun , Timothy Parker , Lara Gierschmann , Sana Shams , Teo Canmetin , Mathieu Duteil , Rokas Gipiškis , Ze Shen Chin

The advent of advanced AI underscores the urgent need for comprehensive safety evaluations, necessitating collaboration across communities (i.e., AI, software engineering, and governance). However, divergent practices and terminologies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Boming Xia , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Zhenchang Xing

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly widespread in system development endeavors. As AI systems affect various stakeholders due to their unique nature, the growing influence of these systems calls for ethical considerations.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Ville Vakkuri , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Pekka Abrahamsson

Recent debates on artificial intelligence increasingly emphasise questions of AI consciousness and moral status, yet there remains little agreement on how such properties should be evaluated. In this paper, we argue that awareness offers a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Nadine Meertens , Suet Lee , Ophelia Deroy