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Data in real-world object detection often exhibits the long-tailed distribution. Existing solutions tackle this problem by mitigating the competition between the head and tail categories. However, due to the scarcity of training samples,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Bo Li , Yongqiang Yao , Jingru Tan , Xin Lu , Fengwei Yu , Ye Luo , Jianwei Lu

Learning an effective representation in multi-label text classification (MLTC) is a significant challenge in NLP. This challenge arises from the inherent complexity of the task, which is shaped by two key factors: the intricate connections…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Alexandre Audibert , Aurélien Gauffre , Massih-Reza Amini

Long-tailed distributions are common in real-world recognition tasks, where a few head classes have many samples while most tail classes have very few. Recently, fine-tuning foundation models for long-tailed learning has gained attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ruichi Zhang , Chikai Shang , Jiacheng Yang , Mengke Li , Yang Zhou , Junlong Gao , Yang Lu

Mixup data augmentation approaches have been applied for various tasks of deep learning to improve the generalization ability of deep neural networks. Some existing approaches CutMix, SaliencyMix, etc. randomly replace a patch in one image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Huafeng Qin , Xin Jin , Hongyu Zhu , Hongchao Liao , Mounîm A. El-Yacoubi , Xinbo Gao

In this paper, we propose an Aligned Contrastive Learning (ACL) algorithm to address the long-tailed recognition problem. Our findings indicate that while multi-view training boosts the performance, contrastive learning does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiali Ma , Jiequan Cui , Maeno Kazuki , Lakshmi Subramanian , Karlekar Jayashree , Sugiri Pranata , Hanwang Zhang

Data in the real world tends to exhibit a long-tailed label distribution, which poses great challenges for the training of neural networks in visual recognition. Existing methods tackle this problem mainly from the perspective of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Yan Zhao , Weicong Chen , Xu Tan , Kai Huang , Jihong Zhu

The long-tail distribution of the visual world poses great challenges for deep learning based classification models on how to handle the class imbalance problem. Existing solutions usually involve class-balancing strategies, e.g., by loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Bingyi Kang , Saining Xie , Marcus Rohrbach , Zhicheng Yan , Albert Gordo , Jiashi Feng , Yannis Kalantidis

Real-world data usually suffers from severe class imbalance and long-tailed distributions, where minority classes are significantly underrepresented compared to the majority ones. Recent research prefers to utilize multi-expert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Zhengzhuo Xu , Zenghao Chai , Chengyin Xu , Chun Yuan , Haiqin Yang

Long-tailed image classification remains a long-standing challenge, as real-world data typically follow highly imbalanced distributions where a few head classes dominate and many tail classes contain only limited samples. This imbalance…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ziquan Zhu , Gaojie Jin , Hanruo Zhu , Si-Yuan Lu , Yunxiao Zhang , Zeyu Fu , Ronghui Mu , Guoqiang Zhang , Zhao Sun , Xia Yuhang , Jiaxing Shang , Xiang Li , Lu Liu , Tianjin Huang

Real-world classification problems typically exhibit an imbalanced or long-tailed label distribution, wherein many labels are associated with only a few samples. This poses a challenge for generalisation on such labels, and also makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Aditya Krishna Menon , Sadeep Jayasumana , Ankit Singh Rawat , Himanshu Jain , Andreas Veit , Sanjiv Kumar

Self-supervised learning has achieved a great success in the representation learning of visual and textual data. However, the current methods are mainly validated on the well-curated datasets, which do not exhibit the real-world long-tailed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Zhihan Zhou , Jiangchao Yao , Yanfeng Wang , Bo Han , Ya Zhang

Modern image classifiers perform well on populated classes, while degrading considerably on tail classes with only a few instances. Humans, by contrast, effortlessly handle the long-tailed recognition challenge, since they can learn the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yingjun Du , Jiayi Shen , Xiantong Zhen , Cees G. M. Snoek

Deploying deep models in real-world scenarios entails a number of challenges, including computational efficiency and real-world (e.g., long-tailed) data distributions. We address the combined challenge of learning long-tailed distributions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jihun Kim , Dahyun Kim , Hyungrok Jung , Taeil Oh , Jonghyun Choi

In this work, we address the challenging task of long-tailed image recognition. Previous long-tailed recognition methods commonly focus on the data augmentation or re-balancing strategy of the tail classes to give more attention to tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Weide Liu , Zhonghua Wu , Yiming Wang , Henghui Ding , Fayao Liu , Jie Lin , Guosheng Lin

Data augmentation is a powerful technique to increase the diversity of data, which can effectively improve the generalization ability of neural networks in image recognition tasks. Recent data mixing based augmentation strategies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Jie Qin , Jiemin Fang , Qian Zhang , Wenyu Liu , Xingang Wang , Xinggang Wang

Deep classifiers have achieved great success in visual recognition. However, real-world data is long-tailed by nature, leading to the mismatch between training and testing distributions. In this paper, we show that the Softmax function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Jiawei Ren , Cunjun Yu , Shunan Sheng , Xiao Ma , Haiyu Zhao , Shuai Yi , Hongsheng Li

Long-tail class incremental learning (LT CIL) remains highly challenging because the scarcity of samples in tail classes not only hampers their learning but also exacerbates catastrophic forgetting under continuously evolving and imbalanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xi Wang , Xu Yang , Donghao Sun , Cheng Deng

The visual world naturally exhibits an imbalance in the number of object or scene instances resulting in a \emph{long-tailed distribution}. This imbalance poses significant challenges for classification models based on deep learning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Rahul Vigneswaran , Marc T. Law , Vineeth N. Balasubramanian , Makarand Tapaswi

Chest X-rays (CXRs) often display various diseases with disparate class frequencies, leading to a long-tailed, multi-label data distribution. In response to this challenge, we explore the Pruned MIMIC-CXR-LT dataset, a curated collection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Chin-Wei Huang , Mu-Yi Shen , Kuan-Chang Shih , Shih-Chih Lin , Chi-Yu Chen , Po-Chih Kuo

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) utilizes labeled samples of known classes to discover novel classes in unlabeled samples. Existing methods show effective performance on artificial datasets with balanced distributions. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Cuong Manh Hoang