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Related papers: Optimizing Nepali PDF Extraction: A Comparative St…

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Recent work has shown that by approximating the behaviour of a non-differentiable black-box function using a neural network, the black-box can be integrated into a differentiable training pipeline for end-to-end training. This methodology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Ganesh Tata , Katyani Singh , Eric Van Oeveren , Nilanjan Ray

Word error rate of an ocr is often higher than its character error rate. This is especially true when ocrs are designed by recognizing characters. High word accuracies are critical to tasks like the creation of content in digital libraries…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Deepayan Das , Jerin Philip , Minesh Mathew , C. V. Jawahar

Document digitization is vital for preserving historical records, efficient document management, and advancing OCR (Optical Character Recognition) research. Document Layout Analysis (DLA) involves segmenting documents into meaningful units…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Md Ataullha , Mahedi Hassan Rabby , Mushfiqur Rahman , Tahsina Bintay Azam

PDF documents contain critical visual elements such as figures, tables, and forms whose accurate extraction is essential for document understanding and multimodal retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Existing PDF parsers often miss complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Meizhu Liu , Yassi Abbasi , Matthew Rowe , Michael Avendi , Paul Li

This paper presents the first end-to-end pipeline for Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) for Old Nepali, a historically significant but low-resource language. We adopt a line-level transcription approach and systematically explore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Anjali Sarawgi , Esteban Garces Arias , Christof Zotter

Structured information extraction from long, multilingual scanned financial documents is a core requirement in industrial KYC and compliance workflows. These documents are typically non machine readable, noisy, and visually heterogeneous.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Yuxuan Han , Yuanxing Zhang , Yushuo Wang , Yichao Jin , Kenneth Zhu Ke , Jingyuan Zhao

Scientific articles published prior to the "age of digitization" in the late 1990s contain figures which are "trapped" within their scanned pages. While progress to extract figures and their captions has been made, there is currently no…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-13 J. P. Naiman , Peter K. G. Williams , Alyssa Goodman

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a critical but error-prone stage in digital humanities text pipelines. While OCR correction improves usability for downstream NLP tasks, common workflows often overwrite intermediate decisions,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Haoze Guo , Ziqi Wei

This paper presents a comparative analysis of Large Language Models (LLMs) and traditional Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems on Urdu newspapers, addressing challenges posed by complex multi-column layouts, low-resolution scans,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Samee Arif , Sualeha Farid

Language models for scientific tasks are trained on text from scientific publications, most distributed as PDFs that require parsing. PDF parsing approaches range from inexpensive heuristics (for simple documents) to computationally…

In this study, we formulate an OCR-free sequence generation model for visual document understanding (VDU). Our model not only parses text from document images but also extracts the spatial coordinates of the text based on the multi-head…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Yamato Okamoto , Youngmin Baek , Geewook Kim , Ryota Nakao , DongHyun Kim , Moon Bin Yim , Seunghyun Park , Bado Lee

Conventional Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems are challenged by variant invoice layouts, handwritten text, and low-quality scans, which are often caused by strong template dependencies that restrict their flexibility across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Khushi Khanchandani , Advait Thakur , Akshita Shetty , Chaitravi Reddy , Ritisa Behera

DeepSeek-OCR utilizes an optical 2D mapping approach to achieve high-ratio vision-text compression, claiming to decode text tokens exceeding ten times the input visual tokens. While this suggests a promising solution for the LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yunhao Liang , Ruixuan Ying , Bo Li , Hong Li , Kai Yan , Qingwen Li , Min Yang , Okamoto Satoshi , Zhe Cui , Shiwen Ni

The accuracy of OCR is usually affected by the quality of the input document image and different kinds of marred document images hamper the OCR results. Among these scenarios, the low-resolution image is a common and challenging case. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Zhichao Fu , Yu Kong , Yingbin Zheng , Hao Ye , Wenxin Hu , Jing Yang , Liang He

The digitization of historical documents is crucial for preserving the cultural heritage of the society. An important step in this process is converting scanned images to text using Optical Character Recognition (OCR), which can enable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Angel Beshirov , Milena Dobreva , Dimitar Dimitrov , Momchil Hardalov , Ivan Koychev , Preslav Nakov

The most prevalent scope of interest for OCR applications used to be scanned documents, but it has now shifted towards the natural scene. Despite the change of times, the existing evaluation methods are still based on the old criteria…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Hong-Seok Lee , Youngmin Yoon , Pil-Hoon Jang , Chankyu Choi

Scanned documents in electronic health records (EHR) have been a challenge for decades, and are expected to stay in the foreseeable future. Current approaches for processing often include image preprocessing, optical character recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Enshuo Hsu , Ioannis Malagaris , Yong-Fang Kuo , Rizwana Sultana , Kirk Roberts

Sanskrit is a classical language with about 30 million extant manuscripts fit for digitisation, available in written, printed or scannedimage forms. However, it is still considered to be a low-resource language when it comes to available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Ayush Maheshwari , Nikhil Singh , Amrith Krishna , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Document content analysis has been a crucial research area in computer vision. Despite significant advancements in methods such as OCR, layout detection, and formula recognition, existing open-source solutions struggle to consistently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Bin Wang , Chao Xu , Xiaomeng Zhao , Linke Ouyang , Fan Wu , Zhiyuan Zhao , Rui Xu , Kaiwen Liu , Yuan Qu , Fukai Shang , Bo Zhang , Liqun Wei , Zhihao Sui , Wei Li , Botian Shi , Yu Qiao , Dahua Lin , Conghui He

The Nepali language has distinct linguistic features, especially its complex script (Devanagari script), morphology, and various dialects,which pose a unique challenge for Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks. While the Nepali…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jinu Nyachhyon , Mridul Sharma , Prajwal Thapa , Bal Krishna Bal