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This paper investigates visual analogical reasoning in large multimodal models (LMMs) compared to human adults and children. A "visual analogy" is an abstract rule inferred from one image and applied to another. While benchmarks exist for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Eunice Yiu , Maan Qraitem , Anisa Noor Majhi , Charlie Wong , Yutong Bai , Shiry Ginosar , Alison Gopnik , Kate Saenko

Why do Vision Language Models (VLMs), despite success on standard benchmarks, often fail to match human performance on surprisingly simple visual reasoning tasks? While the underlying computational principles are still debated, we…

Audio descriptions (ADs) narrate important visual details in movies, enabling Blind and Low Vision (BLV) users to understand narratives and appreciate visual details. Existing works in automatic AD generation mostly focus on few-second…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Divy Kala , Eshika Khandelwal , Makarand Tapaswi

Research in Image Generation has recently made significant progress, particularly boosted by the introduction of Vision-Language models which are able to produce high-quality visual content based on textual inputs. Despite ongoing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Federico Betti , Jacopo Staiano , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara , Nicu Sebe

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly applied to cultural heritage materials, from digital archives to educational platforms. This work identifies a fundamental issue in how these models interpret historical artifacts. We define…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Mukul Ranjan , Prince Jha , Khushboo Kumari , Zhiqiang Shen

Stories are a fundamental aspect of human experience. Engaging deeply with stories and spotting plot holes -- inconsistencies in a storyline that break the internal logic or rules of a story's world -- requires nuanced reasoning skills,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Kabir Ahuja , Melanie Sclar , Yulia Tsvetkov

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive progress in vision-language reasoning, yet their ability to understand temporally unfolding narratives in videos remains underexplored. True narrative understanding requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hyeonjeong Ha , Jinjin Ge , Bo Feng , Kaixin Ma , Gargi Chakraborty

Story visualization aims to generate a series of images that match the story described in texts, and it requires the generated images to satisfy high quality, alignment with the text description, and consistency in character identities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Wen Wang , Canyu Zhao , Hao Chen , Zhekai Chen , Kecheng Zheng , Chunhua Shen

Instruction tuning unlocks the superior capability of Large Language Models (LLM) to interact with humans. Furthermore, recent instruction-following datasets include images as visual inputs, collecting responses for image-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yanzhe Zhang , Ruiyi Zhang , Jiuxiang Gu , Yufan Zhou , Nedim Lipka , Diyi Yang , Tong Sun

Sharing personal narratives is a fundamental aspect of human social behavior as it helps share our life experiences. We can tell stories and rely on our background to understand their context, similarities, and differences. A substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Belen Saldias , Deb Roy

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in descriptive tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering (VQA). However, their ability to generate engaging, long-form narratives -- specifically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yunlin Zeng

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at complex visual tasks such as VQA and chart understanding, yet recent work suggests they struggle with simple perceptual tests. We present an evaluation of vision-language models' capacity for nonlocal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shmuel Berman , Jia Deng

LLMs have so far failed both to generate consistently compelling stories and to recognize this failure--on the leading creative-writing benchmark (EQ-Bench), LLM judges rank zero-shot AI stories above New Yorker short stories, a gold…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Peiqi Sui , Yutong Zhu , Tianyi Cheng , Peter West , Richard Jean So , Hoyt Long , Ari Holtzman

While human speakers use a variety of different expressions when describing the same object in an image, giving rise to a distribution of plausible labels driven by pragmatic constraints, the extent to which current Vision & Language Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Alberto Testoni , Juell Sprott , Sandro Pezzelle

When captioning an image, people describe objects in diverse ways, such as by using different terms and/or including details that are perceptually noteworthy to them. Descriptions can be especially unique across languages and cultures.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Kyle Buettner , Jacob T. Emmerson , Adriana Kovashka

Automated evaluation of generative text-to-image models remains a challenging problem. Recent works have proposed using multimodal LLMs to judge the quality of images, but these works offer little insight into how multimodal LLMs make use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Rishab Parthasarathy , Jasmine Collins , Cory Stephenson

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have improved image captioning for cultural heritage. However, inferring structured cultural metadata (e.g., creator, origin, period) from visual input remains underexplored. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yuechen Jiang , Enze Zhang , Md Mohsinul Kabir , Qianqian Xie , Stavroula Golfomitsou , Konstantinos Arvanitis , Sophia Ananiadou

Vague quantifiers such as "a few" and "many" are influenced by various contextual factors, including the number of objects present in a given context. In this work, we evaluate the extent to which vision-and-language models (VLMs) are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Hugh Mee Wong , Rick Nouwen , Albert Gatt

Image generation models are poised to become ubiquitous in a range of applications. These models are often fine-tuned and evaluated using human quality judgments that assume a universal standard, failing to consider the subjectivity of such…

Story composition is a challenging problem for machines and even for humans. We present a neural narrative generation system that interacts with humans to generate stories. Our system has different levels of human interaction, which enables…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant , Haining Feng , Nanyun Peng