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We present a novel approach for generating minority samples that live on low-density regions of a data manifold. Our framework is built upon diffusion models, leveraging the principle of guided sampling that incorporates an arbitrary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Soobin Um , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion has emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling, achieving remarkable success in applications such as image and audio synthesis. Enlightened by this progress, we propose a novel diffusion-based approach for symbolic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Zachary Bastiani , Robert M. Kirby , Jacob Hochhalter , Shandian Zhe

Many real-world decision-making problems involve optimizing multiple objectives simultaneously, rendering the selection of the most preferred solution a non-trivial problem: All Pareto optimal solutions are viable candidates, and it is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Niclas Boehmer , Maximilian T. Wittmann

Image diversity remains a fundamental challenge for text-to-image diffusion models. Low-diversity models tend to generate repetitive outputs, increasing sampling redundancy and hindering both creative exploration and downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Debin Meng , Chen Jin , Zheng Gao , Yanran Li , Ioannis Patras , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Generative image editing has recently witnessed extremely fast-paced growth. Some works use high-level conditioning such as text, while others use low-level conditioning. Nevertheless, most of them lack fine-grained control over the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Vidit Goel , Elia Peruzzo , Yifan Jiang , Dejia Xu , Xingqian Xu , Nicu Sebe , Trevor Darrell , Zhangyang Wang , Humphrey Shi

The success of agricultural artificial intelligence depends heavily on large, diverse, and high-quality plant image datasets, yet collecting such data in real field conditions is costly, labor intensive, and seasonally constrained. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Da Tan , Michael Beck , Christopher P. Bidinosti , Robert H. Gulden , Christopher J. Henry

We propose Diffusion Inference-Time T-Optimization (DITTO), a general-purpose frame-work for controlling pre-trained text-to-music diffusion models at inference-time via optimizing initial noise latents. Our method can be used to optimize…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zachary Novack , Julian McAuley , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Nicholas J. Bryan

Chance constrained programming (CCP) is a powerful framework for addressing optimization problems under uncertainty. In this paper, we introduce a novel Gradient-Guided Diffusion-based Optimization framework, termed GGDOpt, which tackles…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Boyang Zhang , Zhiguo Wang , Ya-Feng Liu

Diffusion models have made substantial advances in image generation, yet models trained on large, unfiltered datasets often yield outputs misaligned with human preferences. Numerous methods have been proposed to fine-tune pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Fu-Yun Wang , Yunhao Shui , Jingtan Piao , Keqiang Sun , Hongsheng Li

A popular approach to protein design is to combine a generative model with a discriminative model for conditional sampling. The generative model samples plausible sequences while the discriminative model guides a search for sequences with…

It is promising to design a single model that can suppress various distortions and improve speech quality, i.e., universal speech enhancement (USE). Compared to supervised learning-based predictive methods, diffusion-based generative models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Jie Zhang , Haoyin Yan , Xiaofei Li

Efficient inference is a critical challenge in deep generative modeling, particularly as diffusion models grow in capacity and complexity. While increased complexity often improves accuracy, it raises compute costs, latency, and memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Siu Hang Ho , Prasad Ganesan , Nguyen Duong , Daniel Schlabig

Multiobjective optimization (MOO) is prevalent in numerous applications, in which a Pareto front (PF) is constructed to display optima under various preferences. Previous methods commonly utilize the set of Pareto objectives (particles on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Xiaoyuan Zhang , Xi Lin , Yichi Zhang , Yifan Chen , Qingfu Zhang

Training-free guided generation is a widely used and powerful technique that allows the end user to exert further control over the generative process of flow/diffusion models. Generally speaking, two families of techniques have emerged for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zander W. Blasingame , Chen Liu

A wide variety of deep generative models has been developed in the past decade. Yet, these models often struggle with simultaneously addressing three key requirements including: high sample quality, mode coverage, and fast sampling. We call…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Zhisheng Xiao , Karsten Kreis , Arash Vahdat

Masked generative models (MGMs) have shown impressive generative ability while providing an order of magnitude efficient sampling steps compared to continuous diffusion models. However, MGMs still underperform in image synthesis compared to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Jiwan Hur , Dong-Jae Lee , Gyojin Han , Jaehyun Choi , Yunho Jeon , Junmo Kim

Despite the remarkable success of diffusion models in text-to-image generation, their effectiveness in grounded visual editing and compositional control remains challenging. Motivated by advances in self-supervised learning and in-context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Shreya Kadambi , Risheek Garrepalli , Shubhankar Borse , Munawar Hyatt , Fatih Porikli

Generative modeling and clustering are conventionally distinct tasks in machine learning. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have been widely explored for their ability to integrate both, providing a framework for generative clustering.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jorge da Silva Gonçalves , Laura Manduchi , Moritz Vandenhirtz , Julia E. Vogt

Diffusion models have emerged as the new state-of-the-art generative model with high quality samples, with intriguing properties such as mode coverage and high flexibility. They have also been shown to be effective inverse problem solvers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Dohoon Ryu , Michael T. McCann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

We explore the methodology and theory of reward-directed generation via conditional diffusion models. Directed generation aims to generate samples with desired properties as measured by a reward function, which has broad applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Hui Yuan , Kaixuan Huang , Chengzhuo Ni , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang