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Low-shot image classification, where training images are limited or inaccessible, has benefited from recent progress on pre-trained vision-language (VL) models with strong generalizability, e.g. CLIP. Prompt learning methods built with VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhaoheng Zheng , Jingmin Wei , Xuefeng Hu , Haidong Zhu , Ram Nevatia

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown impressive results in various visual classification tasks. However, we often fail to fully unleash their potential when adapting them for new concept understanding due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yuhan Zhu , Yuyang Ji , Zhiyu Zhao , Gangshan Wu , Limin Wang

Long-tailed multi-label visual recognition (LTML) task is a highly challenging task due to the label co-occurrence and imbalanced data distribution. In this work, we propose a unified framework for LTML, namely prompt tuning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Peng Xia , Di Xu , Ming Hu , Lie Ju , Zongyuan Ge

Large language models (LLMs) have shown success in generating high-quality responses. In order to achieve better alignment with LLMs with human preference, various works are proposed based on specific optimization process, which, however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Zhuo Li , Yuhao Du , Jinpeng Hu , Xiang Wan , Anningzhe Gao

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have gained impressive performance due to their outstanding capability in various understanding tasks. However, these models still suffer from some fundamental limitations related to robustness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Thanh-Dat Truong , Huu-Thien Tran , Tran Thai Son , Bhiksha Raj , Khoa Luu

We investigate whether prompts learned independently for different tasks can be later combined through prompt algebra to obtain a model that supports composition of tasks. We consider Visual Language Models (VLM) with prompt tuning as our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Pramuditha Perera , Matthew Trager , Luca Zancato , Alessandro Achille , Stefano Soatto

Prompt tuning (PT), where a small amount of trainable soft (continuous) prompt vectors is affixed to the input of language models (LM), has shown promising results across various tasks and models for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhengxiang Shi , Aldo Lipani

System prompts provide a lightweight yet powerful mechanism for conditioning large language models (LLMs) at inference time. While prior work has focused on English-only settings, real-world deployments benefit from having a single prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Lechen Zhang , Yusheng Zhou , Tolga Ergen , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , David Jurgens

Large language models (LLMs) enable system builders today to create competent NLP systems through prompting, where they only need to describe the task in natural language and provide a few examples. However, in other ways, LLMs are a step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Vijay Viswanathan , Chenyang Zhao , Amanda Bertsch , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

Pre-trained vision-language models are able to interpret visual concepts and language semantics. Prompt learning, a method of constructing prompts for text encoders or image encoders, elicits the potentials of pre-trained models and readily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Zhenhan Huang , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

Multi-prompt learning methods have emerged as an effective approach for facilitating the rapid adaptation of vision-language models to downstream tasks with limited resources. Existing multi-prompt learning methods primarily focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Fei Song , Yi Li , Jiangmeng Li , Rui Wang , Changwen Zheng , Fanjiang Xu , Hui Xiong

Prompt-tuning is an emerging strategy to adapt large language models (LLM) to downstream tasks by learning a (soft-)prompt parameter from data. Despite its success in LLMs, there is limited theoretical understanding of the power of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Samet Oymak , Ankit Singh Rawat , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Christos Thrampoulidis

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance across a wide range of domains, with increasing emphasis on enhancing their zero-shot generalization capabilities for unseen tasks across various modalities.…

Prompt learning has been widely adopted to efficiently adapt vision-language models (VLMs), e.g. CLIP, for few-shot image classification. Despite their success, most prompt learning methods trade-off between classification accuracy and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Marc Lafon , Elias Ramzi , Clément Rambour , Nicolas Audebert , Nicolas Thome

Multi-species animal pose estimation has emerged as a challenging yet critical task, hindered by substantial visual diversity and uncertainty. This paper challenges the problem by efficient prompt learning for Vision-Language Pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Jiyong Rao , Brian Nlong Zhao , Yu Wang

As a novel and effective fine-tuning paradigm based on large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), prompt-tuning aims to reduce the gap between downstream tasks and pre-training objectives. While prompt-tuning has yielded continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Jiangmeng Li , Fei Song , Yifan Jin , Wenwen Qiang , Changwen Zheng , Fuchun Sun , Hui Xiong

Improving neural machine translation (NMT) systems with prompting has achieved significant progress in recent years. In this work, we focus on how to integrate multi-knowledge, multiple types of knowledge, into NMT models to enhance the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Ke Wang , Jun Xie , Yuqi Zhang , Yu Zhao

Over-prompting, a phenomenon where excessive examples in prompts lead to diminished performance in Large Language Models (LLMs), challenges the conventional wisdom about in-context few-shot learning. To investigate this few-shot dilemma, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yongjian Tang , Doruk Tuncel , Christian Koerner , Thomas Runkler

Vision language foundation models such as CLIP exhibit impressive zero-shot generalization yet remain vulnerable to spurious correlations across visual and textual modalities. Existing debiasing approaches often address a single modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Sunny Gupta , Shounak Das , Amit Sethi

Large Language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable abilities in understanding complex texts, offering a promising path towards human-like translation performance. However, this study reveals the misalignment between the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yichong Huang , Baohang Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Chengpeng Fu , Wenshuai Huo , Ting Liu , Bing Qin
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