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Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) has emerged as a promising solution for adapting a source model to unseen medical sites using unlabeled test data, due to the high cost of data annotation. Existing TTA methods consider scenarios where data from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Wei Li , Jingyang Zhang , Lihao Liu , Guoan Wang , Junjun He , Yang Chen , Lixu Gu

Deep neural networks often encounter significant performance drops while facing with domain shifts between training (source) and test (target) data. To address this issue, Test Time Adaptation (TTA) methods have been proposed to adapt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Siqi Luo , Yi Xin , Yuntao Du , Tao Tan , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaohong Liu

Source Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (SFUDA) is critical for deploying deep learning models across diverse clinical settings. However, existing methods are typically designed for low-gap, specific domain shifts and cannot generalize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yulong Shi , Shijie Li , Ziyi Li , Lin Qi

Deep classifiers may encounter significant performance degradation when processing unseen testing data from varying centers, vendors, and protocols. Ensuring the robustness of deep models against these domain shifts is crucial for their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Yuhao Huang , Xin Yang , Xiaoqiong Huang , Xinrui Zhou , Haozhe Chi , Haoran Dou , Xindi Hu , Jian Wang , Xuedong Deng , Dong Ni

For decades, advances in retinal imaging technology have enabled effective diagnosis and management of retinal disease using fundus cameras. Recently, ultra-wide-field (UWF) fundus imaging by Optos camera is gradually put into use because…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-25 Lie Ju , Xin Wang , Quan Zhou , Hu Zhu , Mehrtash Harandi , Paul Bonnington , Tom Drummond , Zongyuan Ge

Recent studies have validated the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and retinal fundus images. Combining deep learning (DL) and portable fundus cameras will enable CVD risk estimation in various scenarios and improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Zhihong Lin , Danli Shi , Donghao Zhang , Xianwen Shang , Mingguang He , Zongyuan Ge

Continual Test-time adaptation (CTTA) continuously adapts the deployed model on every incoming batch of data. While achieving optimal accuracy, existing CTTA approaches present poor real-world applicability on resource-constrained edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiao Ma , Young D. Kwon , Dong Ma

Retinopathy represents a group of retinal diseases that, if not treated timely, can cause severe visual impairments or even blindness. Many researchers have developed autonomous systems to recognize retinopathy via fundus and optical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Taimur Hassan , Bilal Hassan , Muhammad Usman Akram , Shahrukh Hashmi , Abdel Hakim Taguri , Naoufel Werghi

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has increasingly been an important topic to efficiently tackle the cross-domain distribution shift at test time for medical images from different institutions. Previous TTA methods have a common limitation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Hongzheng Yang , Cheng Chen , Meirui Jiang , Quande Liu , Jianfeng Cao , Pheng Ann Heng , Qi Dou

Continual Test Time Adaptation (CTTA) has emerged as a critical approach for bridging the domain gap between the controlled training environments and the real-world scenarios, enhancing model adaptability and robustness. Existing CTTA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Hyewon Park , Hyejin Park , Jueun Ko , Dongbo Min

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) enables pre-trained models to adapt to continuously evolving domains. Existing methods have improved robustness but typically rely on fixed or batch-level thresholds, which cannot account for varying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Seunghwan Lee , Inyoung Jung , Hojoon Lee , Eunil Park , Sungeun Hong

With the advancements in medical artificial intelligence (AI), fundus image classifiers are increasingly being applied to assist in ophthalmic diagnosis. While existing classification models have achieved high accuracy on specific fundus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yuzhuo Zhou , Chi Liu , Sheng Shen , Siyu Le , Liwen Yu , Sihan Ouyang , Zongyuan Ge

One major problem in deep learning-based solutions for medical imaging is the drop in performance when a model is tested on a data distribution different from the one that it is trained on. Adapting the source model to target data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-14 Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu , Pengfei Guo , Vibashan VS , Vishal M. Patel

Monitoring the growth of subcortical regions of the fetal brain in ultrasound (US) images can help identify the presence of abnormal development. Manually segmenting these regions is a challenging task, but recent work has shown that it can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Joshua Omolegan , Pak Hei Yeung , Madeleine K. Wyburd , Linde Hesse , Monique Haak , Intergrowth-21st Consortium , Ana I. L. Namburete , Nicola K. Dinsdale

Deep learning-based segmentation methods have been widely employed for automatic glaucoma diagnosis and prognosis. In practice, fundus images obtained by different fundus cameras vary significantly in terms of illumination and intensity.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Qianbi Yu , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Xinwen Zhang , Weidong Cai

Adapting models to dynamic, real-world environments characterized by shifting data distributions and unseen test scenarios is a critical challenge in deep learning. In this paper, we consider a realistic and challenging Test-Time Adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Manogna Sreenivas , Soma Biswas

The performance of deep learning models depends heavily on test samples at runtime, and shifts from the training data distribution can significantly reduce accuracy. Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting models during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Michal Danilowski , Soumyajit Chatterjee , Abhirup Ghosh

A foundational requirement of a deployed ML model is to generalize to data drawn from a testing distribution that is different from training. A popular solution to this problem is to adapt a pre-trained model to novel domains using only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Kowshik Thopalli , Pavan Turaga , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Existing multi-modal learning methods on fundus and OCT images mostly require both modalities to be available and strictly paired for training and testing, which appears less practical in clinical scenarios. To expand the scope of clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Lehan Wang , Chongchong Qi , Chubin Ou , Lin An , Mei Jin , Xiangbin Kong , Xiaomeng Li

Transfer learning of diffusion models to smaller target domains is challenging, as naively fine-tuning the model often results in poor generalization. Test-time guidance methods help mitigate this by offering controllable improvements in…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yara Bahram , Mohammadhadi Shateri , Eric Granger
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