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In this work, we investigate trajectories that require thrust to maintain periodic structure in the circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP). We produce bounds in position and velocity space for the energy-constrained reachable set of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-11-19 Colby C. Merrill , Jackson Kulik , Dmitry Savransky

In Cislunar space, spacecraft are able to exploit naturally periodic orbits, which provide operational reliability. However, these periodic orbits only exist in a limited volume. Enabled by low-thrust propulsion, spacecraft can produce a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Colby C. Merrill , Jackson Kulik , Matthew J. Bryan , Dmitry Savransky

Gateway will represent a primary logistic infrastructure in cislunar space. The identification of efficient orbit transfers capable of connecting Earth, Moon, and Gateway paves the way for enabling refurbishment, servicing, and utilization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-06 Chiara Pozzi , Mauro Pontani , Alessandro Beolchi , Elena Fantino

This study applies a new approach, the Theory of Functional Connections (TFC), to solve the two-point boundary-value problem (TPBVP) in non-Keplerian orbit transfer. The perturbations considered are drag, solar radiation pressure,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 Allan K. de Almeida Junior , Hunter Johnston , Carl Leake , Daniele Mortari

This work focuses on minimum-time low-thrust orbit transfers from a prescribed low Earth orbit to a specified low lunar orbit. The well-established indirect formulation of minimum-time orbit transfers is extended to a multibody dynamical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-04 Alessandro Beolchi , Mauro Pontani , Chiara Pozzi , Elena Fantino

Recent findings on retrograde co-orbital mean-motion resonances in the Earth-Moon system, highlight the potential use of spacecraft in retrograde resonances. Based on these discoveries, this study investigates retrograde co-orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-16 G. A. Carita , M. H. M. Morais , S. Aljbaae , A. F. B. A. Prado

Low-thrust engines for interplanetary spacecraft transfers allow cost-effective space missions with flexible launch and arrival dates. To find fuel-optimal trajectories, an optimal control problem is to be solved. Pontryagin's Maximum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Andrea Carlo Morelli , Carmine Giordano , Riccardo Bonalli , Francesco Topputo

This paper investigates the motion of a small particle moving near the triangular points of the Earth-Moon system. The dynamics are modeled in the Hill restricted 4-body problem (HR4BP), which includes the effect of the Earth and Moon as in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-02-29 Luke T. Peterson , Gavin Brown , Àngel Jorba , Daniel Scheeres

Given the interest in future space missions devoted to the exploration of key moons in the solar system and that may involve libration point orbits, an efficient design strategy for transfers between moons is introduced that leverages the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-08 David Canales , Kathleen C. Howell , Elena Fantino

The Hill Restricted 4-Body Problem (HR4BP) is a coherent time-periodic model that can be used to represent motion in the Sun-Earth-Moon (SEM) system. Periodic orbits were computed in this model to better understand the periodic orbit family…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-02-03 Gavin M. Brown , Luke T. Peterson , Damennick B. Henry , Daniel J. Scheeres

This contribution focuses on the design of low-energy transfers between planetary moons and presents an efficient technique to compute trajectories characterized by desirable behaviors in the vicinities of the departure and destination…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-22 David Canales , Kathleen C. Howell , Elena Fantino , Annika J. Gilliam

The problem of minimizing the transfer time between periodic orbits in the Earth-Moon elliptic restricted three-body problem using a multi-mode propulsion system is considered. By employing the true anomaly on the primary orbit as the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-10 George V. Haman , Anil V. Rao

For low-energy missions to the Moon and beyond, Ballistic Capture has proven to be a valuable technique for enabling orbital insertion while alleviating propulsion system requirements. This approach offers two key advantages. First, it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-12 Lorenzo Anoè , Roberto Armellin , Gregory Lantoine , Claudio Bombardelli

The Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CR3BP) models the motion of a massless body under the gravitational influence of two primaries. We present a method for approximating a given family of periodic orbits by low-degree implicit…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Ruiqi Huang , Anton Leykin

Understanding the dynamical structure of cislunar space beyond geosynchronous orbit is critical for both lunar exploration and for high-Earth-orbiting trajectories. In this study, we investigate the role of mean-motion resonances and their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-24 Bhanu Kumar , Anjali Rawat , Aaron J. Rosengren , Shane D. Ross

The icy moons are in the focus of the exploration plans of the leading space agencies because of the indications of water-based life and geological activity observed in a number of these objects. In particular, the presence of geyser-like…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-02 E. Fantino , F. J. T. Salazar , E. M. Alessi

Trajectory design in highly-perturbed environments like binary asteroids is challenging. It typically requires using realistic, non-autonomous dynamical models in which periodic solutions derived in autonomous systems vanish. In this work,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Sebastiano Raffa , Gianmario Merisio , Francesco Topputo

This paper investigates the use of Reinforcement Learning for the robust design of low-thrust interplanetary trajectories in presence of severe disturbances, modeled alternatively as Gaussian additive process noise, observation noise,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Alessandro Zavoli , Lorenzo Federici

Low-thrust trajectories play a crucial role in optimizing scientific output and cost efficiency in asteroid belt missions. Unlike high-thrust transfers, low-thrust trajectories require solving complex optimal control problems. This…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-30 Giacomo Acciarini , Laurent Beauregard , Dario Izzo

A numerical optimization study of minimum-fuel Earth-based orbital transfers from low-Earth orbit (LEO) to either medium-Earth orbit (MEO), high-Earth orbit (HEO), or geostationary orbit (GEO), is performed. Various values of maximum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-29 Brittanny V. Holden , Anil V. Rao