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There is growing concern that AI chatbots might fuel delusional beliefs in users. Some have suggested that humans and chatbots mutually reinforce false beliefs over time, but quantitative evidence is lacking. Using a unique dataset of chat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Ashish Mehta , Jared Moore , Jacy Reese Anthis , William Agnew , Eric Lin , Peggy Yin , Desmond C. Ong , Nick Haber , Carol Dweck

Large Language Models (LLMs) are already as persuasive as humans. However, we know very little about how they do it. This paper investigates the persuasion strategies of LLMs, comparing them with human-generated arguments. Using a dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Carlos Carrasco-Farre

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of highly effective chatbots. However, the compute costs of widely deploying LLMs have raised questions about profitability. Companies have proposed exploring…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Brian Jay Tang , Kaiwen Sun , Noah T. Curran , Florian Schaub , Kang G. Shin

While large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and PaLM have demonstrated remarkable performance in various language understanding and generation tasks, their capabilities in complex reasoning and intricate knowledge utilization still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Haodi Zhang , Min Cai , Xinhe Zhang , Chen Jason Zhang , Rui Mao , Kaishun Wu

Integrating generative AI such as Large Language Models into social robots has improved their ability to engage in natural, human-like communication. This study presents a method to examine their persuasive capabilities. We designed an…

Recently, large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-4, stand out remarkable conversational abilities, enabling them to engage in dynamic and contextually relevant dialogues across a wide range of topics. However, given a long conversation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Qingyue Wang , Yanhe Fu , Yanan Cao , Shuai Wang , Zhiliang Tian , Liang Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) have limited performance when solving arithmetic reasoning tasks and often provide incorrect answers. Unlike natural language understanding, math problems typically have a single correct answer, making the task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Shima Imani , Liang Du , Harsh Shrivastava

Empowering chatbots in the field of mental health is receiving increasing amount of attention, while there still lacks exploration in developing and evaluating chatbots in psychiatric outpatient scenarios. In this work, we focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Siyuan Chen , Mengyue Wu , Kenny Q. Zhu , Kunyao Lan , Zhiling Zhang , Lyuchun Cui

As large language models (LLMs) have proliferated, disturbing anecdotal reports of negative psychological effects, such as delusions, self-harm, and ``AI psychosis,'' have emerged in global media and legal discourse. However, it remains…

A proactive dialogue system has the ability to proactively lead the conversation. Different from the general chatbots which only react to the user, proactive dialogue systems can be used to achieve some goals, e.g., to recommend some items…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Yutao Zhu , Jian-Yun Nie , Kun Zhou , Pan Du , Hao Jiang , Zhicheng Dou

LGBTQ+ community face disproportionate mental health challenges, including higher rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Research has shown that LGBTQ+ people have been using large language model-based chatbots, such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Yinru Long , Zilin Ma , Yiyang Mei , Zhaoyuan Su

This study investigates the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for predicting human-perceived misery scores from natural language descriptions of real-world scenarios. The task is framed as a regression problem, where the model assigns a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Bishanka Seal , Rahul Seetharaman , Aman Bansal , Abhilash Nandy

Personalized support is essential to fulfill individuals' emotional needs and sustain their mental well-being. Large language models (LLMs), with great customization flexibility, hold promises to enable individuals to create their own…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xi Zheng , Zhuoyang Li , Xinning Gui , Yuhan Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have created opportunities for designing chatbots that can support complex question-answering (QA) scenarios and improve news audience engagement. However, we still lack an understanding of what roles…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Md Naimul Hoque , Ayman Mahfuz , Mayukha Kindi , Naeemul Hassan

Conversational systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, show exceptional proficiency in context understanding and response generation. However, despite their impressive capabilities, they still possess limitations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yang Deng , Lizi Liao , Liang Chen , Hongru Wang , Wenqiang Lei , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language models (LLMs), while powerful, exhibit harmful social biases. Debiasing is often challenging due to computational costs, data constraints, and potential degradation of multi-task language capabilities. This work introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Pengrui Han , Rafal Kocielnik , Adhithya Saravanan , Roy Jiang , Or Sharir , Anima Anandkumar

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive language understanding and the capacity to generate responses that follow specific prompts. However, due to the computational demands associated with training these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yida Mu , Ben P. Wu , William Thorne , Ambrose Robinson , Nikolaos Aletras , Carolina Scarton , Kalina Bontcheva , Xingyi Song

Chatbots are conversational software applications designed to interact dialectically with users for a plethora of different purposes. Surprisingly, these colloquial agents have only recently been coupled with computational models of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Federico Castagna , Nadin Kokciyan , Isabel Sassoon , Simon Parsons , Elizabeth Sklar

We present "Bot Wars," a framework using Large Language Models (LLMs) scam-baiters to counter phone scams through simulated adversarial dialogues. Our key contribution is a formal foundation for strategy emergence through chain-of-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Nardine Basta , Conor Atkins , Dali Kaafar

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks in recent years. However, their universal nature poses limitations in scenarios requiring personalized responses, such as recommendation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Stanisław Woźniak , Bartłomiej Koptyra , Arkadiusz Janz , Przemysław Kazienko , Jan Kocoń