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Defending against distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks in the Internet is a fundamental problem. However, recent industrial interviews with over 100 security experts from more than ten industry segments indicate that DDoS problems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Zhuotao Liu , Yuan Cao , Min Zhu , Wei Ge

As time progresses, the need for more secure applications grows exponentially. The different types of sensitive information that is being transferred virtually has sparked a rise in systems that leverage blockchain. Different sectors are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Myles Lewis , Chris Crawford

Throughput limitations of existing blockchain architectures are well documented and are one of the most significant hurdles for their wide-spread adoption. In our previous proof-of-concept work, we have shown that separating computation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Alexander Hentschel , Dieter Shirley , Layne Lafrance , Maor Zamski

The blockchain technology has been used for recording state transitions of smart contracts - decentralized applications that can be invoked through external transactions. Smart contracts gained popularity and accrued hundreds of billions of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Nikolay Ivanov , Chenning Li , Qiben Yan , Zhiyuan Sun , Zhichao Cao , Xiapu Luo

Transaction throughput, confirmation latency and confirmation reliability are fundamental performance measures of any blockchain system in addition to its security. In a decentralized setting, these measures are limited by two underlying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Vivek Bagaria , Sreeram Kannan , David Tse , Giulia Fanti , Pramod Viswanath

Blockchain denial of service (BDoS) and selfish mining are the two most crucial attacks on blockchain technology. A classical DoS attack targets the computer network to limit, restrict, or stop accessing the system of authorized users which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Md. Ahsan Habib , Md. Motaleb Hossen Manik

This thesis proposes techniques aiming to make blockchain technologies and smart contract platforms practical by improving their scalability, latency, and privacy. This thesis starts by presenting the design and implementation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Alberto Sonnino

Most current blockchains require all full nodes to execute all tasks limits the throughput of existing blockchains, which are well documented and among the most significant hurdles for the widespread adoption of decentralized technology.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Alexander Hentschel , Yahya Hassanzadeh-Nazarabadi , Ramtin Seraj , Dieter Shirley , Layne Lafrance

The heterogeneity of the blockchain landscape has motivated the design of blockchain protocols tailored to specific blockchains and applications that, hence, require custom security proofs. We observe that many blockchain protocols share…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Stephan Dübler , Federico Badaloni , Pedro Moreno-Sanchez , Clara Schneidewind

Smart contracts are crucial elements of decentralized technologies, but they face significant obstacles to trustworthiness due to security bugs and trapdoors. To address the core issue, we propose a technology that enables programmers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Nikolaj Bjørner , Shuo Chen , Yang Chen , Zhongxin Guo , Peng Liu , Nanqing Luo

Blockchains and distributed ledger technologies allow the operation of manifold decentralised applications (dApps). Such applications are based on smart contracts, a programmable abstraction that is executed in a decentralised manner. To…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Fabian Stiehle , Kirill Inozemtsev , Ingo Weber

Industry 4.0 is all about doing things in a concurrent, secure, and fine-grained manner. IoT edge-sensors and their associated data play a predominant role in today's industry ecosystem. Breaching data or forging source devices after…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Ziaur Rahman , Xun Yi Ibrahim Khalil

In a blockchain Data Availability Attack (DAA), a malicious node publishes a block header but withholds part of the block, which contains invalid transactions. Honest full nodes, which can download and store the full blockchain, are aware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Massimo Battaglioni , Paolo Santini , Giulia Rafaiani , Franco Chiaraluce , Marco Baldi

The complexity of cyberattacks in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) calls for a mechanism that can evaluate the operational behaviour and security without negatively affecting the operation of live systems. In this regard, Digital Twins (DTs)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Sabah Suhail , Raja Jurdak

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) refers to a wide class of economic attacks to public blockchains, where adversaries with the power to reorder, drop or insert transactions in a block can "extract" value from smart contracts. Empirical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Massimo Bartoletti , Roberto Zunino

Blockchain is a novel technology that is rising a lot of interest in the industrial and re- search sectors because its properties of decentralisation, immutability and data integrity. Initially, the underlying consensus mechanism has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Stefano De Angelis

This article surveys blockchain-based approaches for several security services. These services include authentication, confidentiality, privacy, and access control list (ACL), data and resource provenance, and integrity assurance. All these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Tara Salman , Maede Zolanvari , Aiman Erbad , Raj Jain , Mohammed Samaka

Bitcoin is an immutable permissionless blockchain system that has been extensively used as a public bulletin board by many different applications that heavily relies on its immutability. However, Bitcoin's immutability is not without its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Dominic Deuber , Bernardo Magri , Sri Aravinda Krishnan Thyagarajan

Blockchain technology (BT) Ethereum Smart Contracts allows programmable transactions that involve the transfer of monetary assets among peers on a BT network independent of a central authorizing agency. Ethereum Smart Contracts are programs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Noama Fatima Samreen , Manar H. Alalfi

Transaction fee plays an important role in determining the priority of transaction processing in public blockchain systems. Owing to the observability of unconfirmed transactions, a strategic user can postpone his transaction broadcasting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Qianlan Bai , Yuedong Xu , Zhijian Zhou , Xin Wang