Related papers: Fluctuations and Correlations in Causal Set Theory
A formula to calculate the quantum fluctuations of energy in small subsystems of a hot and relativistic gas is derived. We find an increase in fluctuations for subsystems of small sizes, but we agrees with the energy fluctuations in the…
In this review, we systematically examine the principles and the practices of fluctuations such as the momentum and the charge fluctuations as applied to the heavy ion collisions. Main emphases are: (i) Fluctuations as signals of phase…
Fluctuation theorems make use of time reversal to make predictions about entropy production in many-body systems far from thermal equilibrium. Here we review the wide variety of distinct, but interconnected, relations that have been derived…
Fractional differential calculus is a mathematical tool that has found applications in the study of social and physical behaviors considered ``anomalous''. It is often used when traditional integer derivatives models fail to represent cases…
For random matrices with block correlation structure we show that the fluctuations of linear eigenvalue statistics are Gaussian on all mesoscopic scales with universal variance which coincides with that of the Gaussian unitary or Gaussian…
When teaching and discussing statistical assumptions, our focus is oftentimes placed on how to test and address potential violations rather than the effects of violating assumptions on the estimates produced by our statistical models. The…
Causal inference is widely used in various fields, such as biology, psychology and economics, etc. In observational studies, we need to balance the covariates before estimating causal effect. This study extends the one-dimensional entropy…
We study the fluctuations of the autocorrelation and autoresponse functions and, in particular, their variances and co-variance. In a first general part of the Article, we show the equivalence of the variance of the response function with…
When the number of events associated with a signal process is estimated in particle physics, it is common practice to extrapolate background distributions from control regions to a predefined signal window. This allows accurate estimation…
Causality is a seminal concept in science: Any research discipline, from sociology and medicine to physics and chemistry, aims at understanding the causes that could explain the correlations observed among some measured variables. While…
A thermodynamic-like formalism is developed for superstatistical systems based on conditional entropies. This theory takes into account large-scale variations of intensive variables of systems in nonequilibrium stationary states. Ordinary…
We study dynamical fluctuations in overdamped diffusion processes driven by time periodic forces. This is done by studying fluctuation functionals (rate functions from large deviation theory), of fluctuations around the non-equilibrium…
We develop a mathematical and interpretative foundation for the enterprise of decision-theoretic statistical causality (DT), which is a straightforward way of representing and addressing causal questions. DT reframes causal inference as…
Thermal or finite-size scaling analyses of importance sampling Monte Carlo time series in the vicinity of phase transition points often combine different estimates for the same quantity, such as a critical exponent, with the intent to…
An active area of research in the fields of machine learning and statistics is the development of causal discovery algorithms, the purpose of which is to infer the causal relations that hold among a set of variables from the correlations…
Many research questions concern treatment effects on outcomes that can recur several times in the same individual. For example, medical researchers are interested in treatment effects on hospitalizations in heart failure patients and sports…
In this work, we have studied simple models that can be solved analytically to illustrate various fluctuation theorems. These fluctuation theorems provide symmetries individually to the distributions of physical quantities like the…
Recent results on particle momentum and spin correlations are discussed in view of the role played by the effects of quantum statistics, including multiboson and coherence phenomena, and final state interaction. Particularly, it is…
Fluctuations of global additive quantities, like total energy or magnetization for instance, can in principle be described by statistics of sums of (possibly correlated) random variables. Yet, it turns out that extreme values (the largest…
We theoretically investigate fluctuation relations in a classical incomplete measurement process where just partial information is available. The scenario we consider consists of two coupled single-electron boxes where one or both devices…