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It is evident that, currently, generative models are surpassed in quality by human professionals. However, with the advancements in Artificial Intelligence, this gap will narrow, leading to scenarios where individuals who have dedicated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Alex Glinsky , Alexey Sokolsky

Data attribution seeks to trace model outputs back to training data. With the recent development of diffusion models, data attribution has become a desired module to properly assign valuations for high-quality or copyrighted training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xiaosen Zheng , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Jing Jiang , Min Lin

Shapley value is a classic notion from game theory, historically used to quantify the contributions of individuals within groups, and more recently applied to assign values to data points when training machine learning models. Despite its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Amirata Ghorbani , Michael P. Kim , James Zou

Feature attribution methods help make machine learning-based inference explainable by determining how much one or several features have contributed to a model's output. A particularly popular attribution method is based on the Shapley value…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Filip Naudot , Tobias Sundqvist , Timotheus Kampik

Distributional data Shapley value (DShapley) has recently been proposed as a principled framework to quantify the contribution of individual datum in machine learning. DShapley develops the foundational game theory concept of Shapley values…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-19 Yongchan Kwon , Manuel A. Rivas , James Zou

As Text-to-Image (T2I) diffusion models are increasingly used in real-world creative workflows, a principled framework for valuing contributors who provide a collection of data is essential for fair compensation and sustainable data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Mingyu Lu , Soham Gadgil , Chris Lin , Chanwoo Kim , Su-In Lee

"How much is my data worth?" is an increasingly common question posed by organizations and individuals alike. An answer to this question could allow, for instance, fairly distributing profits among multiple data contributors and determining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Ruoxi Jia , David Dao , Boxin Wang , Frances Ann Hubis , Nick Hynes , Nezihe Merve Gurel , Bo Li , Ce Zhang , Dawn Song , Costas Spanos

Collaborative machine learning enables multiple data owners to jointly train models for improved predictive performance. However, ensuring incentive compatibility and fair contribution-based rewards remains a critical challenge. Prior work…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Björn Filter , Ralf Möller , Özgür Lütfü Özçep

Data attribution for generative models seeks to quantify the influence of individual training examples on model outputs. Existing methods for diffusion models typically require access to model gradients or retraining, limiting their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yutian Zhao , Chao Du , Xiaosen Zheng , Tianyu Pang , Min Lin

Federated learning offers a privacy-friendly collaborative learning framework, yet its success, like any joint venture, hinges on the contributions of its participants. Existing client evaluation methods predominantly focus on model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Balazs Pejo

The value and copyright of training data are crucial in the artificial intelligence industry. Service platforms should protect data providers' legitimate rights and fairly reward them for their contributions. Shapley value, a potent tool…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Haifeng Sun , Yu Xiong , Runze Wu , Xinyu Cai , Changjie Fan , Lan Zhang , Xiang-Yang Li

We consider the dataset valuation problem, that is, the problem of quantifying the incremental gain, to some relevant pre-defined utility of a machine learning task, of aggregating an individual dataset to others. The Shapley value is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Felipe Garrido-Lucero , Benjamin Heymann , Maxime Vono , Patrick Loiseau , Vianney Perchet

Designing fair compensation mechanisms for demand response (DR) is challenging. This paper models the problem in a game theoretic setting and designs a payment distribution mechanism based on the Shapley Value. As exact computation of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-27 Gearóid O'Brien , Abbas El Gamal , Ram Rajagopal

The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) in our society is increasing, which brings with it the need to understand the behavior of AI mechanisms, including machine learning predictive algorithms fed with tabular data, text or images,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-06 Pedro Delicado , Cristian Pachón-García

As data emerges as a vital driver of technological and economic advancements, a key challenge is accurately quantifying its value in algorithmic decision-making. The Shapley value, a well-established concept from cooperative game theory,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xi Zheng , Xiangyu Chang , Ruoxi Jia , Yong Tan

Data valuation is an essential task in a data marketplace. It aims at fairly compensating data owners for their contribution. There is increasing recognition in the machine learning community that the Shapley value -- a foundational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhihua Tian , Jian Liu , Jingyu Li , Xinle Cao , Ruoxi Jia , Jun Kong , Mengdi Liu , Kui Ren

Data is a critical asset for training large language models (LLMs), alongside compute resources and skilled workers. While some training data is publicly available, substantial investment is required to generate proprietary datasets, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mélissa Tamine , Otmane Sakhi , Benjamin Heymann

In this article, we provide an axiomatic characterization of feature attribution for multi-output predictors within the Shapley framework. While SHAP explanations are routinely computed independently for each output coordinate, the…

Shapley values have seen widespread use in machine learning as a way to explain model predictions and estimate the importance of covariates. Accurately explaining models is critical in real-world models to both aid in decision making and to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-19 Daniel de Marchi , Michael Kosorok , Scott de Marchi

Attribution scores can be applied in data management to quantify the contribution of individual items to conclusions from the data, as part of the explanation of what led to these conclusions. In Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning,…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Leopoldo Bertossi , Benny Kimelfeld , Ester Livshits , Mikaël Monet
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