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Anomaly detection (AD) is essential in identifying rare and often critical events in complex systems, finding applications in fields such as network intrusion detection, financial fraud detection, and fault detection in infrastructure and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Hao Dong , Gaëtan Frusque , Yue Zhao , Eleni Chatzi , Olga Fink

Large-scale data collection is essential for developing personalized training data, mitigating the shortage of training data, and fine-tuning specialized models. However, creating high-quality datasets quickly and accurately remains a…

Out-of-distribution states in robot manipulation often lead to unpredictable robot behavior or task failure, limiting success rates and increasing risk of damage. Anomaly detection (AD) can identify deviations from expected patterns in…

Identifying anomalous instances in tabular data is essential for improving data reliability and maintaining system stability. Due to the scarcity of ground-truth anomaly labels, existing methods mainly rely on unsupervised anomaly detection…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Wei Huang , Yuxuan Xiong , Hezhe Qiao , Yu-Ming Shang , Xiangling Fu , Guansong Pang

Anomaly segmentation is essential for industrial quality, maintenance, and stability. Existing text-guided zero-shot anomaly segmentation models are effective but rely on fixed prompts, limiting adaptability in diverse industrial scenarios.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 SoYoung Park , Hyewon Lee , Mingyu Choi , Seunghoon Han , Jong-Ryul Lee , Sungsu Lim , Tae-Ho Kim

Anomaly detection (AD) is a task that distinguishes normal and abnormal data, which is important for applying automation technologies of the manufacturing facilities. For MVTec dataset that is a representative AD dataset for industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Jongyub Seok , Chanjin Kang

Anomaly detection (AD) is an important machine learning task with many real-world uses, including fraud detection, medical diagnosis, and industrial monitoring. Within natural language processing (NLP), AD helps detect issues like spam,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Tiankai Yang , Yi Nian , Shawn Li , Ruiyao Xu , Yuangang Li , Jiaqi Li , Zhuo Xiao , Xiyang Hu , Ryan Rossi , Kaize Ding , Xia Hu , Yue Zhao

Automating visual inspection in industrial production lines is essential for increasing product quality across various industries. Anomaly detection (AD) methods serve as robust tools for this purpose. However, existing public datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Aimira Baitieva , David Hurych , Victor Besnier , Olivier Bernard

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) are essential tools for detecting network attacks and intrusions. While extensive research has explored the use of supervised Machine Learning for attack detection and characterisation, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Georgios Anyfantis , Pere Barlet-Ros

In industrial anomaly detection (IAD), accurately identifying defects amidst diverse anomalies and under varying imaging conditions remains a significant challenge. Traditional approaches often struggle with high false-positive rates,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yurui Pan , Lidong Wang , Yuchao Chen , Wenbing Zhu , Bo Peng , Mingmin Chi

Existing works on anomaly detection (AD) rely on clean labels from human annotators that are expensive to acquire in practice. In this work, we propose a method to leverage weak/noisy labels (e.g., risk scores generated by machine rules for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Yue Zhao , Guoqing Zheng , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Robert McCann , Ahmed Awadallah

Anomaly segmentation in high spatial resolution (HSR) remote sensing imagery is aimed at segmenting anomaly patterns of the earth deviating from normal patterns, which plays an important role in various Earth vision applications. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Jingtao Li , Xinyu Wang , Hengwei Zhao , Shaoyu Wang , Yanfei Zhong

Selecting informative data points for expert feedback can significantly improve the performance of anomaly detection (AD) in various contexts, such as medical diagnostics or fraud detection. In this paper, we determine a set of theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Aodong Li , Chen Qiu , Marius Kloft , Padhraic Smyth , Stephan Mandt , Maja Rudolph

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive success in natural visual understanding, yet they consistently underperform in industrial anomaly detection (IAD). This is because MLLMs trained mostly on general web data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Xi Jiang , Yue Guo , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Bin-Bin Gao , Hanqiu Deng , Jun Liu , Heng Zhao , Chengjie Wang , Feng Zheng

Automatic vision inspection holds significant importance in industry inspection. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit strong language understanding capabilities and hold promise for this task, their performance remains…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Kai Zhang , Zekai Zhang , Xihe Sun , Anpeng Wang , Jingmeng Nie , Qinghui Chen , Han Hao , Jianyuan Guo , Jinglin Zhang

Visual anomaly detection in multi-class settings poses significant challenges due to the diversity of object categories, the scarcity of anomalous examples, and the presence of camouflaged defects. In this paper, we propose PromptMAD, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Duncan McCain , Hossein Kashiani , Fatemeh Afghah

Active Label Correction (ALC) has emerged as a promising solution to the high cost and error-prone nature of manual pixel-wise annotation in semantic segmentation, by actively identifying and correcting mislabeled data. Although recent work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Youjin Jeon , Kyusik Cho , Suhan Woo , Euntai Kim

Recent advancements in industrial anomaly detection (AD) have demonstrated that incorporating a small number of anomalous samples during training can significantly enhance accuracy. However, this improvement often comes at the cost of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Hanxi Li , Jingqi Wu , Deyin Liu , Lin Wu , Hao Chen , Mingwen Wang , Chunhua Shen

Unsupervised anomaly detection (AD) is critical for a wide range of practical applications, from network security to health and medical tools. Due to the diversity of problems, no single algorithm has been found to be superior for all AD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Małgorzata Gutowska , Suzanne Little , Andrew McCarren

Anomaly detection aims to identify samples that deviate from the nominal data distribution and is central to many safety-critical applications. However, developing effective anomaly detection methods for categorical, mixed-type, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Lixing Zhang , Yuchen Liang , Liyan Xie