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Clinical communication skills are essential for preparing healthcare professionals to provide equitable care across cultures. However, traditional training with simulated patients can be resource intensive and difficult to scale, especially…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Sandro Radovanović , Shuangyu Li

The increasing use of large language models (LLMs) in mental healthcare raises safety concerns in high-stakes therapeutic interactions. A key challenge is distinguishing therapeutic empathy from maladaptive validation, where supportive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Qingyang Xu , Yaling Shen , Stephanie Fong , Zimu Wang , Yiwen Jiang , Xiangyu Zhao , Jiahe Liu , Zhongxing Xu , Vincent Lee , Zongyuan Ge

Cognitive Reframing, a core element of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), helps individuals reinterpret negative experiences by finding positive meaning. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated improved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yilin Qi , Dong Won Lee , Cynthia Breazeal , Hae Won Park

For speech emotion datasets, it has been difficult to acquire large quantities of reliable data and acted emotions may be over the top compared to less expressive emotions displayed in everyday life. Lately, larger datasets with natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Rosanna Milner , Md Asif Jalal , Raymond W. M. Ng , Thomas Hain

Human cognition is constrained by processing limitations, leading to cognitive overload and inefficiencies in knowledge synthesis and decision-making. Large Language Models (LLMs) present an opportunity for cognitive augmentation, but their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Xiangrong , Zhu , Yuan Xu , Tianjian Liu , Jingwei Sun , Yu Zhang , Xin Tong

Psychotherapy or counseling is typically conducted through spoken conversation between a therapist and a client. Analyzing the speech characteristics of psychotherapeutic interactions can help understand the factors associated with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-05 Dehua Tao , Harold Chui , Sarah Luk , Tan Lee

Developing domain-specific conversational agents (CAs) has been challenged by the need for extensive domain-focused data. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) make them a viable option as a knowledge backbone. LLMs behaviour…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Shu Zhong , Elia Gatti , James Hardwick , Miriam Ribul , Youngjun Cho , Marianna Obrist

The Mental Health Question Answer (MHQA) task requires the seeker and supporter to complete the support process in one-turn dialogue. Given the richness of help-seeker posts, supporters must thoroughly understand the content and provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Qi Chen , Dexi Liu

College counseling centers in various universities have been tasked with the important responsibility of attending to the mental health needs of their students. Owing to the unprecedented recent surge of demand for such services, college…

Global aging calls for scalable and engaging cognitive interventions. Computerized cognitive training (CCT) is a promising non-pharmacological approach, yet many unsupervised programs rely on rigid, hand-authored puzzles that are difficult…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Zilong Wang , Nan Chen , Luna K. Qiu , Ling Yue , Geli Guo , Yang Ou , Shiqi Jiang , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Limited access to mental health care has motivated the use of digital tools and conversational agents powered by large language models (LLMs), yet their quality and reception remain unclear. We present a study comparing therapist-written…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Synthia Wang , Yuwei Cheng , Austin Song , Sarah Keedy , Marc Berman , Nick Feamster

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing but exhibit limitations, particularly in autonomously addressing novel challenges such as reasoning and problem-solving. Traditional techniques like…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Sumedh Rasal

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced virtual educators and learners, bridging NLP with AI4Education. Existing work often lacks scalability and fails to leverage diverse, large-scale course content, with limited frameworks for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jiahuan Pei , Fanghua Ye , Xin Sun , Wentao Deng , Koen Hindriks , Junxiao Wang

Emotional Support Conversation (ESC) plays a critical role in mental health assistance by providing accessible psychological support in real-world applications. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong empathetic abilities in ESC…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lin Zhong , Renjin Zhu , Shujuan Ma , Jinhao Cui , Lingzhi Wang , Hao Chen , Qing Liao

During a psychotherapy session, the counselor typically adopts techniques which are codified along specific dimensions (e.g., 'displays warmth and confidence', or 'attempts to set up collaboration') to facilitate the evaluation of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Nikolaos Flemotomos , Victor R. Martinez , Zhuohao Chen , Torrey A. Creed , David C. Atkins , Shrikanth Narayanan

LLMs are popular among clinicians for decision-support because of simple text-based interaction. However, their impact on clinicians' performance is ambiguous. Not knowing how clinicians use this new technology and how they compare it to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Behnam Rahdari , Sameer Shaikh , Jonathan H Chen , Tobias Gerstenberg , Shriti Raj

Mental health issues are worsening in today's competitive society, such as depression and anxiety. Traditional healings like counseling and chatbots fail to engage effectively, they often provide generic responses lacking emotional depth.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Yujia Chen , Changsong Li , Yiming Wang , Tianjie Ju , Qingqing Xiao , Nan Zhang , Zifan Kong , Peng Wang , Binyu Yan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as conversational assistants in open-domain, multi-turn settings, where users often provide incomplete or ambiguous information. However, existing LLM-focused clarification benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Sichun Luo , Yi Huang , Mukai Li , Shichang Meng , Fengyuan Liu , Zefa Hu , Junlan Feng , Qi Liu

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective technique for addressing the irrational thoughts stemming from mental illnesses, but it necessitates precise identification of cognitive pathways to be successfully implemented in patient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Meng Jiang , Yi Jing Yu , Qing Zhao , Jianqiang Li , Changwei Song , Hongzhi Qi , Wei Zhai , Dan Luo , Xiaoqin Wang , Guanghui Fu , Bing Xiang Yang

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) have achieved remarkable progress yet remain constrained by a single-turn interaction paradigm, effectively functioning as solvers for independent requests rather than assistants in continuous dialogue. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Wenxun Dai , Zhiyuan Zhao , Yule Zhong , Yiji Cheng , Jianwei Zhang , Linqing Wang , Shiyi Zhang , Yunlong Lin , Runze He , Fellix Song , Wayne Zhuang , Yong Liu , Haoji Zhang , Yansong Tang , Qinglin Lu , Chunyu Wang