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In this project, we study the hidden Markov random field (HMRF) model and its expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. We implement a MATLAB toolbox named HMRF-EM-image for 2D image segmentation using the HMRF-EM framework. This toolbox…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-12-20 Quan Wang

This study evaluates numerical discretization methods for the Single Particle Model (SPM) used in electrochemical modeling. The methods include the Finite Difference Method (FDM), spectral methods, Pad\'e approximation, and parabolic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Feng Guo , Luis D. Couto

This paper introduces LiGSM, a novel LiDAR-enhanced 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) mapping framework that improves the accuracy and robustness of 3D scene mapping by integrating LiDAR data. LiGSM constructs joint loss from images and LiDAR…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jian Shen , Huai Yu , Ji Wu , Wen Yang , Gui-Song Xia

We study modeling and inference with the Elliptical Gamma Distribution (EGD). We consider maximum likelihood (ML) estimation for EGD scatter matrices, a task for which we develop new fixed-point algorithms. Our algorithms are efficient and…

Computation · Statistics 2018-06-04 Reshad Hosseini , Suvrit Sra , Lucas Theis , Matthias Bethge

We present a real-time, non-learning depth estimation method that fuses Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data with stereo camera input. Our approach comprises three key techniques: Semi-Global Matching (SGM) stereo with Discrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yasuhiro Yao , Ryoichi Ishikawa , Takeshi Oishi

Elevator button recognition is considered an indispensable function for enabling the autonomous elevator operation of mobile robots. However, due to unfavorable image conditions and various image distortions, the recognition accuracy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Delong Zhu , Jianbang Liu , Nachuan Ma , Zhe Min , Max Q. -H. Meng

Recovering physical properties of objects in motion is a core task across scientific and industrial applications. When the relative motion between the object and the sensing apparatus provides sufficient angular coverage, Computerized…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Daniel Burrows , Can Evren Yarman , Ozan Öktem

We address the problem of efficient modelling of photon pairs generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion and coupled into single-mode fibers. It is shown that when the range of relevant transverse wave vectors is restricted by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-08 Piotr Kolenderski , Wojciech Wasilewski , Konrad Banaszek

State-of-the-art LiDAR calibration frameworks mainly use non-probabilistic registration methods such as Iterative Closest Point (ICP) and its variants. These methods suffer from biased results due to their pair-wise registration procedure…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Ilir Tahiraj , Felix Fent , Philipp Hafemann , Egon Ye , Markus Lienkamp

Point set registration is an essential step in many computer vision applications, such as 3D reconstruction and SLAM. Although there exist many registration algorithms for different purposes, however, this topic is still challenging due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Jin Zhang , Mingyang Zhao , Xin Jiang , Dong-Ming Yan

One of the major successes in computational biology has been the unification, using the graphical model formalism, of a multitude of algorithms for annotating and comparing biological sequences. Graphical models that have been applied…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-10 Lior Pachter , Bernd Sturmfels

This work attempts to approximate a linear Gaussian system with a finite-state hidden Markov model (HMM), which is found useful in solving sophisticated event-based state estimation problems. An indirect modeling approach is developed,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-10 Kaikai Zheng , Dawei Shi , Ling Shi

Research on automated image enhancement has gained momentum in recent years, partially due to the need for easy-to-use tools for enhancing pictures captured by ubiquitous cameras on mobile devices. Many of the existing leading methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-06 Parag S. Chandakkar , Baoxin Li

Mapping with uncertainty representation is required in many research domains, especially for localization. Although there are many investigations regarding the uncertainty of the pose estimation of an ego-robot with map information, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Qianqian Zou , Claus Brenner , Monika Sester

We propose a new hologram representation based on structured complex-valued 2D Gaussian primitives, which replaces per-pixel information storage and reduces the parameter search space by up to 10:1. To enable end-to-end training, we develop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Yicheng Zhan , Xiangjun Gao , Long Quan , Kaan Akşit

Previous path guiding techniques typically rely on spatial subdivision structures to approximate directional target distributions, which may cause failure to capture spatio-directional correlations and introduce parallax issue. In this…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Honghao Dong , Guoping Wang , Sheng Li

In this paper, we address the problem of registering multiple point clouds corrupted with high anisotropic localization noise. Our approach follows the widely used framework of Gaussian mixture model (GMM) reconstruction with an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Denis Fortun , Etienne Baudrier , Fabian Zwettler , Markus Sauer , Sylvain Faisan

Single Image Super Resolution (SISR) methods aim to recover the clean images in high resolution from low resolution observations.A family of patch-based approaches have received considerable attention and development. The minimum mean…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-08 Dang-Phuong-Lan Nguyen , Jean-François Aujol , Yannick Berthoumieu

Feed-forward geometric foundation models can infer dense point clouds and camera motion directly from RGB streams, providing priors for monocular SLAM. However, their predictions are often view-dependent and noisy: geometry can vary across…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Evgenii Kruzhkov , Sven Behnke

Precise device characterization is a fundamental requirement for a large range of applications using photonic hardware, and constitutes a multi-parameter estimation problem. Estimates based on measurements using single photons or classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-24 Nana Liu , Hugo Cable