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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated robust capabilities across various natural language tasks. However, producing outputs that are consistently honest and helpful remains an open challenge. To overcome this challenge, this paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Duc Hieu Ho , Chenglin Fan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in intelligent systems that perform reasoning, summarization, and code generation. Their ability to follow natural-language instructions, while powerful, also makes them vulnerable to a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Daniyal Ganiuly , Assel Smaiyl

Humans follow criteria when they execute tasks, and these criteria are directly used to assess the quality of task completion. Therefore, having models learn to use criteria to provide feedback can help humans or models to perform tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Weizhe Yuan , Pengfei Liu , Matthias Gallé

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used for code generation, but their security reliability remains inconsistent across languages and prompting strategies. Existing prompt engineering improves functional correctness but rarely ensures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mohammed F. Kharma , Mohammad Alkhanafseh , Ahmed Sabbah , David Mohaisen

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to utilize external tools has enabled them to tackle an increasingly diverse range of tasks. However, as the tasks become more complex and long-horizon, the intricate tool utilization process may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Shiting Huang , Zhen Fang , Zehui Chen , Siyu Yuan , Junjie Ye , Yu Zeng , Lin Chen , Qi Mao , Feng Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been applied in software engineering to perform tasks such as translating code between programming languages, generating code from natural language, and autocompleting code as it is being written.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Steven I. Ross , Fernando Martinez , Stephanie Houde , Michael Muller , Justin D. Weisz

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing and significantly impacted code generation tasks, enhancing software development efficiency and productivity. Notably, LLMs like GPT-4 have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Sheng Ouyang , Yihao Qin , Bo Lin , Liqian Chen , Xiaoguang Mao , Shangwen Wang

Due to their architecture and vast pre-training data, large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong text classification performance. However, LLM output - here, the category assigned to a text - depends heavily on the wording of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Kylie L. Anglin , Stephanie Milan , Brittney Hernandez , Claudia Ventura

Code comment generation aims at generating natural language descriptions for a code snippet to facilitate developers' program comprehension activities. Despite being studied for a long time, a bottleneck for existing approaches is that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Mingyang Geng , Shangwen Wang , Dezun Dong , Haotian Wang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Xiaoguang Mao , Xiangke Liao

As large language models (LLMs) become easily accessible nowadays, the trade-off between safety and helpfulness can significantly impact user experience. A model that prioritizes safety will cause users to feel less engaged and assisted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yi-Lin Tuan , Xilun Chen , Eric Michael Smith , Louis Martin , Soumya Batra , Asli Celikyilmaz , William Yang Wang , Daniel M. Bikel

Despite the impressive performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software development activities, recent studies show the concern of introducing vulnerabilities into software codebase by AI programming assistants (e.g., Copilot,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Sung Yong Kim , Zhiyu Fan , Yannic Noller , Abhik Roychoudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive proficiency in code generation. Unfortunately, these models share a weakness with their human counterparts: producing code that inadvertently has security vulnerabilities. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Kamel Alrashedy , Abdullah Aljasser , Pradyumna Tambwekar , Matthew Gombolay

We present InvThink, a training and prompting framework that requires the model to enumerate, analyze, and constrain potential failures before generating its final response. Unlike existing safety alignment methods that optimize only for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yubin Kim , Taehan Kim , Eugene Park , Chunjong Park , Cynthia Breazeal , Daniel McDuff , Hae Won Park

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized code generation, evolving from static tools into dynamic conversational interfaces that facilitate complex, multi-turn collaborative programming. While LLMs exhibit remarkable proficiency in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Binquan Zhang , Li Zhang , Lin Shi , Song Wang , Yuwei Qian , Linhui Zhao , Fang Liu , An Fu , Yida Ye

Self-critic has become a crucial mechanism for enhancing the reasoning performance of LLMs. However, current approaches mainly involve basic prompts for intuitive instance-level feedback, which resembles System-1 processes and limits the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xin Zheng , Jie Lou , Boxi Cao , Xueru Wen , Yuqiu Ji , Hongyu Lin , Yaojie Lu , Xianpei Han , Debing Zhang , Le Sun

Context. Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to code-generating tasks (CGTs) in software engineering. While reported results are promising, the broader effects of such application and their integration into real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Muslim Chochlov , Michael English , Jim Buckley

With the recent unprecedented advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing, progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) is accelerating rapidly, presenting challenges in establishing clear guidelines, particularly in the field of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Joseph Khoury , Andrew Seong , Elias Bou-Harb , Peyman Najafirad

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for automating programming tasks, including security-related ones. However, they can also introduce vulnerabilities during code generation, fail to detect existing vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Enna Basic , Alberto Giaretta

Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant advancements to code generation, benefiting both novice and experienced developers. However, their training using unsanitized data from open-source repositories, like GitHub, introduces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jiexin Wang , Liuwen Cao , Xitong Luo , Zhiping Zhou , Jiayuan Xie , Adam Jatowt , Yi Cai

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought about remarkable generative capabilities but also raised concerns about their potential misuse. While strategies like supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Qibing Ren , Chang Gao , Jing Shao , Junchi Yan , Xin Tan , Wai Lam , Lizhuang Ma