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This paper focuses on a referring expression generation (REG) task in which the aim is to pick out an object in a complex visual scene. One common theoretical approach to this problem is to model the task as a two-agent cooperative scheme…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Hieu Le , Taufiq Daryanto , Fabian Zhafransyah , Derry Wijaya , Elizabeth Coppock , Sang Chin

Figurative language (e.g., irony, hyperbole, understatement) is ubiquitous in human communication, resulting in utterances where the literal and the intended meanings do not match. The Rational Speech Act (RSA) framework, which explicitly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Cesare Spinoso-Di Piano , David Austin , Pablo Piantanida , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Program synthesis and repair have emerged as an exciting area of research, driven by the potential for revolutionary advances in programmer productivity. Among most promising ideas emerging for synthesis are syntax-driven search,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Manos Koukoutos , Mukund Raghothaman , Etienne Kneuss , Viktor Kuncak

We present a novel algorithm that synthesizes imperative programs for introductory programming courses. Given a set of input-output examples and a partial program, our algorithm generates a complete program that is consistent with every…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Sunbeom So , Hakjoo Oh

Despite significant advancements in natural language generation, controlling language models to produce texts with desired attributes remains a formidable challenge. In this work, we introduce RSA-Control, a training-free controllable text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yifan Wang , Vera Demberg

Program synthesis is a class of regression problems where one seeks a solution, in the form of a source-code program, mapping the inputs to their corresponding outputs exactly. Due to its precise and combinatorial nature, program synthesis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Yewen Pu , Zachery Miranda , Armando Solar-Lezama , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

We show how to automatically construct a system that satisfies a given logical specification and has an optimal average behavior with respect to a specification with ratio costs. When synthesizing a system from a logical specification, it…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-02-22 Christian von Essen , Barbara Jobstmann

Syntax-guided synthesis is commonly used to generate programs encoding policies. In this approach, the set of programs, that can be written in a domain-specific language defines the search space, and an algorithm searches within this space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Rubens O. Moraes , Levi H. S. Lelis

We study the problem of synthesizing programs from nonlinear real arithmetic (NRA) specifications. Existing techniques, such as syntax-guided synthesis (SyGuS), fail to synthesize programs when the specification is unrealizable. We argue…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-26 S. Akshay , Supratik Chakraborty , R. Govind , Aniruddha R. Joshi

Compiling programs to an instruction set architecture (ISA) requires a set of rewrite rules that map patterns consisting of compiler instructions to patterns consisting of ISA instructions. We synthesize such rules by constructing SMT…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Ross Daly , Caleb Donovick , Caleb Terrill , Jackson Melchert , Priyanka Raina , Clark Barrett , Pat Hanrahan

Program synthesis is the task of constructing a program conforming to a given specification. We focus on deductive synthesis, and in particular on synthesis problems with specifications given as $\forall\exists$-formulas, expressing the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Márton Hajdu , Petra Hozzová , Laura Kovács , Andrei Voronkov , Eva Maria Wagner , Richard Steven Žilinčík

Formal methods apply algorithms based on mathematical principles to enhance the reliability of systems. It would only be natural to try to progress from verification, model checking or testing a system against its formal specification into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-02-28 Gal Katz , Doron Peled

Multi-agent systems for resource allocation (MRAs) have been introduced as a concept for modelling competitive resource allocation problems in distributed computing. An MRA is composed of a set of agents and a set of resources. Each agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Nils Timm , Josua Botha

Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) is a technique developed by neuroscientists for comparing activity patterns of different measurement modalities (e.g., fMRI, electrophysiology, behavior). As a framework, RSA has several advantages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Mostafa Abdou , Artur Kulmizev , Felix Hill , Daniel M. Low , Anders Søgaard

Adaptive agent design offers a way to improve human-AI collaboration on time-sensitive tasks in rapidly changing environments. In such cases, to ensure the human maintains an accurate understanding of critical task elements, an assistive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Anwesha Das , John Duff , Jörg Hoffmann , Vera Demberg

Program synthesis from incomplete specifications (e.g. input-output examples) has gained popularity and found real-world applications, primarily due to its ease-of-use. Since this technology is often used in an interactive setting,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-03-13 Vu Le , Daniel Perelman , Oleksandr Polozov , Mohammad Raza , Abhishek Udupa , Sumit Gulwani

With recent advances in speech synthesis, synthetic data is becoming a viable alternative to real data for training speech recognition models. However, machine learning with synthetic data is not trivial due to the gap between the synthetic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-25 Ting-Yao Hu , Mohammadreza Armandpour , Ashish Shrivastava , Jen-Hao Rick Chang , Hema Koppula , Oncel Tuzel

We present a new approach to example-guided program synthesis based on counterexample-guided abstraction refinement. Our method uses the abstract semantics of the underlying DSL to find a program $P$ whose abstract behavior satisfies the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Xinyu Wang , Isil Dillig , Rishabh Singh

Program synthesis is the task of automatically generating a program consistent with a specification. Recent years have seen proposal of a number of neural approaches for program synthesis, many of which adopt a sequence generation paradigm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Rudy Bunel , Matthew Hausknecht , Jacob Devlin , Rishabh Singh , Pushmeet Kohli

We consider the problem of synthesizing programs with numerical constants that optimize a quantitative objective, such as accuracy, over a set of input-output examples. We propose a general framework for optimal synthesis of such programs…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Stephen Mell , Steve Zdancewic , Osbert Bastani