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Decentralized finance (DeFi) has become one of the most successful applications of blockchain and smart contracts. The DeFi ecosystem enables a wide range of crypto-financial activities, while the underlying smart contracts often contain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Palina Tolmach , Yi Li , Shang-Wei Lin , Yang Liu

An important virtue of distributed ledger technologies is their acclaimed higher level of decentralisation compared to traditional financial systems. Empirical literature, however, suggests that many systems tend towards centralisation as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Lucas Amherd , Sheng-Nan Li , Claudio J. Tessone

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is a system of financial products and services built and delivered through smart contracts on various blockchains. In the past year, DeFi has gained popularity and market capitalization. However, it has also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Arianna Trozze , Bennett Kleinberg , Toby Davies

Credit exposure in Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is often implicit and token-mediated, creating a dense web of inter-protocol dependencies. Thus, a shock to one token may result in significant and uncontrolled contagion effects. As the DeFi…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aijie Shu , Wenbin Wu , Gbenga Ibikunle , Fengxiang He

To non-experts, the traditional Centralized Finance (CeFi) ecosystem may seem obscure, because users are typically not aware of the underlying rules or agreements of financial assets and products. Decentralized Finance (DeFi), however, is…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-06-17 Kaihua Qin , Liyi Zhou , Yaroslav Afonin , Ludovico Lazzaretti , Arthur Gervais

DEX, or decentralized exchange, is a prominent class of decentralized finance (DeFi) applications on blockchains, attracting a total locked value worth tens of billions of USD today. This paper presents the first large-scale empirical study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jiaqi Chen , Yibo Wang , Yuxuan Zhou , Wanning Ding , Yuzhe Tang , XiaoFeng Wang , Kai Li

Decentralization is a fundamental design element of the Web3 economy. Blockchains and distributed consensus mechanisms are touted as fault-tolerant, attack-resistant, and collusion-proof because they are decentralized. Recent analyses,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Harang Ju , Madhav Kumar , Ehsan Valavi , Sinan Aral

We consider concepts centered around modal analysis, data science, network science, and machine learning to reveal the essential dynamics from high-dimensional fluid flow data and operators. The presentation of the material herein is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-03-06 Kunihiko Taira

Much of the recent excitement around decentralized finance (DeFi) comes from hopes that DeFi can be a secure, private, less centralized alternative to traditional finance systems. However, people moving to DeFi sites in hopes of improving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Philipp Winter , Anna Harbluk Lorimer , Peter Snyder , Benjamin Livshits

For more than a century, the grid has operated in a centralized top-down fashion. However, as distributed energy resources (DERs) penetration grows, the grid edge is increasingly infused with intelligent computing and communication…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-30 Sakshi Mishra , Roohallah Khatami , Yu Christine Chen

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is emerging as a peer-to-peer financial ecosystem, enabling participants to trade products on a permissionless blockchain. Built on blockchain and smart contracts, the DeFi ecosystem has experienced explosive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Peng Qian , Rui Cao , Zhenguang Liu , Wenqing Li , Ming Li , Lun Zhang , Yufeng Xu , Jianhai Chen , Qinming He

The aim of this work is to study the use of decentralization and smart contracts on blockchain networks. We investigate the implementation and use of smart contracts on the platforms Bitcoin, Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric. Additionally,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Theodosis Mourouzis , Jayant Tandon

With the rapid development of blockchain technology in recent years, all kinds of blockchain-based applications have emerged. Among them, the decentralized finance (DeFi) is one of the most successful applications, which is regarded as the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Yinjie Zhao , Xin Kang , Tieyan Li , Cheng-Kang Chu , Haiguang Wang

Rapidly growing distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) have recently received attention among researchers in both industry and academia. While a lot of existing analysis (mainly) of the Bitcoin and Ethereum networks is available, the lack…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Bartosz Kuśmierz , Roman Overko

Ethereum's scalability limitations pose significant challenges for the adoption of decentralized applications (dApps). Zero-Knowledge Rollups (ZK Rollups) present a promising solution, bundling transactions off-chain and submitting validity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Krzysztof Gogol , Szczepan Gurgul , Faizan Nehal Siddiqui , David Branes , Claudio Tessone

Novel blockchain technology provides the infrastructure layer for the creation of decentralized appli-cations. A rapidly growing ecosystem of applications is built around financial services, commonly referred to as decentralized finance.…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-02-25 Johannes Rude Jensen , Victor von Wachter , Omri Ross

Smart contracts led to the emergence of the decentralized finance (DeFi) marketplace within blockchain ecosystems, where diverse participants engage in financial activities. In traditional finance, there are possibilities to create values,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Rasheed , Yash Chaurasia , Parth Desai , Sujit Gujar

The advent of Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN) represents a shift in the digital infrastructure of today's Internet. While Centralized Service Providers (CSP) monopolize cloud computing, DePINs aim to enhance data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Jan von der Assen , Christian Killer , Alessandro De Carli , Burkhard Stiller

Currently, the advantages of decentralization through blockchain technology in the financial sector are actively discussed. In this article, we investigate the decentralization in the governance of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-07 Kirill Kolmykov

Bitcoin introduced delegation of control over a monetary system from a select few to all who participate in that system. This delegation is known as the decentralization of controlling power and is a powerful security mechanism for the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Ashish Rajendra Sai , Jim Buckley , Brian Fitzgerald , Andrew Le Gear
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