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Large language models (LLMs) alignment aims to ensure that the behavior of LLMs meets human preferences. While collecting data from multiple fine-grained, aspect-specific preferences becomes more and more feasible, existing alignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jia Zhang , Yao Liu , Chen-Xi Zhang , Yi Liu , Yi-Xuan Jin , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

A common technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) relies on acquiring human preferences by comparing multiple generations conditioned on a fixed context. This method, however, relies solely on pairwise comparisons, where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Hritik Bansal , Ashima Suvarna , Gantavya Bhatt , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang , Aditya Grover

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled unified multimodal understanding and generation. However, they still struggle with fine-grained text-image alignment, often failing to faithfully depict objects with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yoonjin Oh , Yongjin Kim , Hyomin Kim , Donghwan Chi , Sungwoong Kim

Based on the foundation of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multilingual LLMs (MLLMs) have been developed to address the challenges faced in multilingual natural language processing, hoping to achieve knowledge transfer from high-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuemei Xu , Ling Hu , Jiayi Zhao , Zihan Qiu , Kexin XU , Yuqi Ye , Hanwen Gu

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences has become essential for safe and beneficial AI deployment. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) established the dominant paradigm, a proliferation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tarun Raheja , Nilay Pochhi

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been remarkable, with new models consistently surpassing their predecessors. These advancements are underpinned by extensive research on various training mechanisms. Among these,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Hansle Gwon , Imjin Ahn , Young-Hak Kim , Sanghyun Park , Tae Joon Jun

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions has become a critical task for safely deploying models in real-world systems. While existing alignment approaches have seen empirical success, theoretically understanding how these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Shawn Im , Yixuan Li

While Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they suffer from hallucination problems, where models generate plausible yet incorrect answers given the input image-query pair.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Xiaoye Qu , Mingyang Song , Wei Wei , Jianfeng Dong , Yu Cheng

Alignment plays a crucial role in Large Language Models (LLMs) in aligning with human preferences on a specific task/domain. Traditional alignment methods suffer from catastrophic forgetting, where models lose previously acquired knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Junsong Li , Jie Zhou , Bihao Zhan , Yutao Yang , Qianjun Pan , Shilian Chen , Tianyu Huai , Xin Li , Qin Chen , Liang He

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) hold significant promise for medical applications, yet their deployment is often constrained by insufficient alignment and reliability. While Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a potent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Dain Kim , Jiwoo Lee , Jaehoon Yun , Yong Hoe Koo , Qingyu Chen , Hyunjae Kim , Jaewoo Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly important in natural language processing, enabling advanced data analytics through natural language queries. However, these models often generate "hallucinations"-inaccurate or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mikhail Rumiantsau , Aliaksei Vertsel , Ilya Hrytsuk , Isaiah Ballah

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown unprecedented capabilities in advancing various vision-language tasks. However, MLLMs face significant challenges with hallucinations, and misleading outputs that do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liangming Pan , William Yang Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Tat-Seng Chua

Recently, large vision-language models (LVLMs) have risen to be a promising approach for multimodal tasks. However, principled hallucination mitigation remains a critical challenge.In this work, we first analyze the data generation process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chengzhi Yu , Yifan Xu , Yifan Chen , Wenyi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented generative capabilities, yet their alignment with human values remains critical for ensuring helpful and harmless deployments. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback…

Aligning large VLMs with human preferences is a challenging task, as methods like RLHF and DPO often overfit to textual information or exacerbate hallucinations. Although augmenting negative image samples partially addresses these pitfalls,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Fatemeh Pesaran Zadeh , Yoojin Oh , Gunhee Kim

How can Large Language Models (LLMs) be aligned with human intentions and values? A typical solution is to gather human preference on model outputs and finetune the LLMs accordingly while ensuring that updates do not deviate too far from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Hung Le , Quan Tran , Dung Nguyen , Kien Do , Saloni Mittal , Kelechi Ogueji , Svetha Venkatesh

This study evaluates Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, testing three configurations: (1) with Supervised Fine Tuning (SFT), (2) without SFT, and (3)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Amir Saeidi , Shivanshu Verma , Md Nayem Uddin , Chitta Baral

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have been shown to efficiently integrate natural language with visual information to handle multi-modal tasks. However, MLLMs still face a fundamental limitation of hallucinations, where they tend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Chaoya Jiang , Haiyang Xu , Mengfan Dong , Jiaxing Chen , Wei Ye , Ming Yan , Qinghao Ye , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Shikun Zhang

Recently, there has been significant interest in replacing the reward model in Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) methods for Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Jian Li , Haojing Huang , Yujia Zhang , Pengfei Xu , Xi Chen , Rui Song , Lida Shi , Jingwen Wang , Hao Xu

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse multimodal tasks but remain vulnerable to hallucinations rooted in inherent language bias. Despite recent progress, existing hallucination mitigation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yilin Yang , Zhenghui Guo , Yuke Wang , Omprakash Gnawali , Sheng Di , Chengming Zhang