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Side-channel attacks currently constitute the main challenge for quantum key distribution (QKD) to bridge theory with practice. So far two main approaches have been introduced to address this problem, (full) device-independent QKD and…

Polynomial multiplication stands out as a highly demanding arithmetic process in the development of post-quantum cryptosystems. The importance of the number-theoretic transform (NTT) extends beyond post-quantum cryptosystems, proving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Kasra Ahmadi , Saeed Aghapour , Mehran Mozaffari Kermani , Reza Azarderakhsh

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the promise of absolutely secure communications. However, proofs of absolute security often assume perfect implementation from theory to experiment. Thus, existing systems may be prone to insidious…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-23 Samuel L. Braunstein , Stefano Pirandola

While there exist many isolation mechanisms that are available to cloud service providers, including virtual machines, containers, etc., the problem of side-channel increases in importance as a remaining security vulnerability, particularly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-01 Read Sprabery , Konstantin Evchenko , Abhilash Raj , Rakesh B. Bobba , Sibin Mohan , Roy H. Campbell

Quantum computing has entered fast development track since Shor's algorithm was proposed in 1994. Multi-cloud services of quantum computing farms are currently available. One of which, IBM quantum computing, presented a road map showing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Alex He , Dafu Lou , Eric She , Shangjie Guo , Hareesh Watson , Sibyl Weng , Maria Perepechaenko , Rand Kuang

In this paper, we propose a novel construction for a symmetric encryption scheme, referred as SEBQ which is based on the structure of quasigroup. We utilize concepts of chaining like mode of operation and present a block cipher with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Satish Kumar , Harshdeep Singh , Indivar Gupta , Ashok Ji Gupta

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are characterized by wired or wireless communication among different entities, such as vehicles, roadside infrastructure, and traffic management infrastructure. These communications demand different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Kaiyuan Zhang , M Sabbir Salek , Antian Wang , Mizanur Rahman , Mashrur Chowdhury , Yingjie Lao

The Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme (ECIES) is widely regarded as a practical method and has been adopted by multiple standards. However, the advancement of quantum computing technologies poses potential security risks to ECIES.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Abel C. H. Chen

The gamut of todays internet-connected embedded devices has led to increased concerns regarding the security and confidentiality of data. Most internet-connected embedded devices employ mathematically secure cryptographic algorithms to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Archisman Ghosh

With the exponential rise in the use of cloud services, smart devices, and IoT devices, advanced cyber attacks have become increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous. Furthermore, the rapid evolution of computing architectures and memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Jyotiprakash Mishra , Sanjay K. Sahay

NIST is conducting a process for the standardization of post-quantum cryptosystems, i.e., cryptosystems that are resistant to attacks by both traditional and quantum computers and that can thus substitute the traditional public-key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Andrea Galimberti , Gabriele Montanaro , William Fornaciari , Davide Zoni

The NTRU lattice is a promising candidate to construct practical cryptosystems, in particular key encapsulation mechanism (KEM), resistant to quantum computing attacks. Nevertheless, there are still some inherent obstacles to NTRU-based KEM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Zhichuang Liang , Boyue Fang , Jieyu Zheng , Yunlei Zhao

Uniform superpositions over permutations play a central role in quantum error correction, cryptography, and combinatorial optimisation. We introduce a simple yet powerful quantisation of the classical Fisher-Yates shuffle, yielding a suite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-28 Lennart Binkowski , Marvin Schwiering

Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) is the most essential component for polynomial multiplications used in lattice-based Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) algorithms such as Kyber, Dilithium, NTRU etc. However, side-channel attacks (SCA) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Rourab Paul , Krishnendu Guha , Amlan Chakrabarti

We devise a simple modification that essentially doubles the efficiency of the BB84 quantum key distribution scheme proposed by Bennett and Brassard. We also prove the security of our modified scheme against the most general eavesdropping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Hoi-Kwong Lo , H. F. Chau , M. Ardehali

We propose a new coherent state quantum key distribution protocol that eliminates the need to randomly switch between measurement bases. This protocol provides significantly higher secret key rates with increased bandwidths than previous…

The advent of quantum computing has profound implications for current technologies, offering advancements in optimization while posing significant threats to cryptographic algorithms. Public-key cryptosystems relying on prime factorization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Hasan Ozgur Cildiroglu , Oguz Yayla

Scalar multiplication kP is the operation most frequently targeted in Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptosystems. To protect against single-trace Side-Channel Analysis (SCA) attacks, the atomicity principle and various atomic block patterns have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Gerald Isheanesu Matungamire , Alkistis Aikaterini Sigourou , Gerrit Schrock , Zoya Dyka , Peter Langendoerfer , Ievgen Kabin

Lightweight cryptography is a novel diversion from conventional cryptography that targets internet-of-things (IoT) platform due to resource constraints. In comparison, it offers smaller cryptographic primitives such as shorter key sizes,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Nilupulee A. Gunathilake , Ahmed Al-Dubai , William J. Buchanan , Owen Lo

The dependence of power-consumption on the processed data is a known vulnerability of CMOS circuits, resulting in side channels which can be exploited by power-based side channel attacks (SCAs). These attacks can extract sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ali Asghar , Andreas Becher , Daniel Ziener