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The conventional recipe for maximizing model accuracy is to (1) train multiple models with various hyperparameters and (2) pick the individual model which performs best on a held-out validation set, discarding the remainder. In this paper,…

Combining multiple machine learning models has long been a technique for enhancing performance, particularly in distributed settings. Traditional approaches, such as model ensembles, work well, but are expensive in terms of memory and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Albert Manuel Orozco Camacho , Stefan Horoi , Guy Wolf , Eugene Belilovsky

Recent development on mixed precision techniques has largely enhanced the performance of various linear algebra solvers, one of which being the solver for the least squares problem $\min_{x}\lVert b-Ax\rVert_{2}$. By transforming least…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Bowen Gao , Yuxin Ma , Meiyue Shao

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) effectively adapts pre-trained transformers to downstream tasks. However, the optimization of tasks performance often comes at the cost of generalizability in fine-tuned models. To address this issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yao Ni , Shan Zhang , Piotr Koniusz

Model merging dramatically reduces storage and computational resources by combining multiple expert models into a single multi-task model. Although recent model merging methods have shown promising results, they struggle to maintain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zijing Wang , Xingle Xu , Yongkang Liu , Yiqun Zhang , Peiqin Lin , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Hinrich Schütze

Multi-task model merging aims to consolidate knowledge from multiple fine-tuned task-specific experts into a unified model while minimizing performance degradation. Existing methods primarily approach this by minimizing differences between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Wen Wang , Yang Liu , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li

Merging Large Language Models (LLMs) is a cost-effective technique for combining multiple expert LLMs into a single versatile model, retaining the expertise of the original ones. However, current approaches often overlook the importance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Umberto Michieli , Fabio Pizzati , Philip Torr , Adel Bibi , Bernard Ghanem , Mete Ozay

Sparse Partial Least Squares (sPLS) is a common dimensionality reduction technique for data fusion, which projects data samples from two views by seeking linear combinations with a small number of variables with the maximum variance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Wenwen Min , Taosheng Xu , Chris Ding

Model merging enables the reuse of fine-tuned models without joint training or access to original data. Dynamic merging further improves flexibility by selectively activating task-relevant parameters and efficiently composing experts across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Guodong Du , Wanyu Lin

Model merging is an effective strategy to merge multiple models for enhancing model performances, and more efficient than ensemble learning as it will not introduce extra computation into inference. However, limited research explores if the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Hu Wang , Ibrahim Almakky , Congbo Ma , Numan Saeed , Mohammad Yaqub

Model merging has emerged as an effective approach to combine multiple single-task models into a multitask model. This process typically involves computing a weighted average of the model parameters without any additional training. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Lu Li , Tianyu Zhang , Zhiqi Bu , Suyuchen Wang , Huan He , Jie Fu , Yonghui Wu , Jiang Bian , Yong Chen , Yoshua Bengio

Model merging has emerged as an efficient strategy for constructing multitask models by integrating the strengths of multiple available expert models, thereby reducing the need to fine-tune a pre-trained model for all the tasks from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Kehao Zhang , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

Merging multiple expert models offers a promising approach for performing multi-task learning without accessing their original data. Existing methods attempt to alleviate task conflicts by sparsifying task vectors or promoting orthogonality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongxian Wei , Anke Tang , Li Shen , Zixuan Hu , Chun Yuan , Xiaochun Cao

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models has become the prevalent paradigm for building downstream NLP models. Oftentimes fine-tuned models are readily available but their training data is not, due to data privacy or intellectual property…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren , Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro , Pengxiang Cheng

Model merging combines task experts into one model and avoids joint training, retraining, or deploying many expert models, but the merged model often still underperforms task experts. We study this performance gap through feature drift, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yanggan Gu , Shuo Cai , Zihao Wang , Wenjun Wang , Yuanyi Wang , Pengkai Wang , Sirui Huang , Su Lu , Jianmin Wu , Hongxia Yang

We propose a novel method to merge convolutional neural-nets for the inference stage. Given two well-trained networks that may have different architectures that handle different tasks, our method aligns the layers of the original networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Yi-Min Chou , Yi-Ming Chan , Jia-Hong Lee , Chih-Yi Chiu , Chu-Song Chen

Continual Learning (CL) strives to learn incrementally across tasks while mitigating catastrophic forgetting. A key challenge in CL is balancing stability (retaining prior knowledge) and plasticity (learning new tasks). While representative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Mei Li , Yuxiang Lu , Qinyan Dai , Suizhi Huang , Yue Ding , Hongtao Lu

Model merging aims to integrate task-specific abilities from individually fine-tuned models into a single model without extra training. In recent model merging methods, task vector has become a fundamental building block, as it can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Bang An , Yibo Yang , Philip Torr , Bernard Ghanem

Model merging is to combine fine-tuned models derived from multiple domains, with the intent of enhancing the model's proficiency across various domains. The principal concern is the resolution of parameter conflicts. A substantial amount…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Yaochen Zhu , Rui Xia , Jiajun Zhang

Partial least squares (PLS) regression combines dimensionality reduction and prediction using a latent variable model. Since partial least squares regression (PLS-R) does not require matrix inversion or diagonalization, it can be applied to…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-08-05 Tzu-Yu Liu , Laura Trinchera , Arthur Tenenhaus , Dennis Wei , Alfred O. Hero