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In the context of the rising interest in code language models (code LMs) and vulnerability detection, we study the effectiveness of code LMs for detecting vulnerabilities. Our analysis reveals significant shortcomings in existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yangruibo Ding , Yanjun Fu , Omniyyah Ibrahim , Chawin Sitawarin , Xinyun Chen , Basel Alomair , David Wagner , Baishakhi Ray , Yizheng Chen

Existing benchmarks for evaluating the security risks and capabilities (e.g., vulnerability detection) of code-generating large language models (LLMs) face several key limitations: (1) limited coverage of risk and capabilities; (2) reliance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuzhou Nie , Zhun Wang , Yu Yang , Ruizhe Jiang , Yuheng Tang , Xander Davies , Yarin Gal , Bo Li , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

This research addresses the complex challenge of automated repair of code vulnerabilities, vital for enhancing digital security in an increasingly technology-driven world. The study introduces a novel and efficient format for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-04 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Eva Garcia-Lopez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Jose-Javier Martinez-Herraiz

Recently, the large language models (LLMs) have shown extraordinary ability in understanding natural language and generating programming code. It has been a common practice of software engineers to consult LLMs when encountering coding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Li Zhong , Zilong Wang

Generative large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with their transformative and emergent capabilities. However, recent evidence indicates that LLMs can produce harmful content that violates social…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Xiaohan Yuan , Jinfeng Li , Dongxia Wang , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaofeng Mao , Longtao Huang , Jialuo Chen , Hui Xue , Xiaoxia Liu , Wenhai Wang , Kui Ren , Jingyi Wang

Code readability is crucial for software comprehension and maintenance, yet difficult to assess at scale. Traditional static metrics often fail to capture the subjective, context-sensitive nature of human judgments. Large Language Models…

Command injection vulnerabilities are a significant security threat in dynamic languages like Python, particularly in widely used open-source projects where security issues can have extensive impact. With the proven effectiveness of Large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yuxuan Wang , Jingshu Chen , Qingyang Wang

As AI code assistants become increasingly integrated into software development workflows, understanding how their code compares to human-written programs is critical for ensuring reliability, maintainability, and security. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Domenico Cotroneo , Cristina Improta , Pietro Liguori

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive proficiency in code generation. Unfortunately, these models share a weakness with their human counterparts: producing code that inadvertently has security vulnerabilities. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Kamel Alrashedy , Abdullah Aljasser , Pradyumna Tambwekar , Matthew Gombolay

Large language models (large LMs) are increasingly trained on massive codebases and used to generate code. However, LMs lack awareness of security and are found to frequently produce unsafe code. This work studies the security of LMs along…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Jingxuan He , Martin Vechev

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in software engineering to generate, complete, translate, and fix code, improving developer productivity. While most research focuses on the energy consumption and carbon emissions of model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sabiya Banu Masthan Ali , Oussema Kirmani , Aroosa Hameed , Syed Muhammad Danish , Gautam Srivastava

Modern software relies on a multitude of automated testing and quality assurance tools to prevent errors, bugs and potential vulnerabilities. This study sets out to provide a head-to-head, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of six…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Damian Gnieciak , Tomasz Szandala

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in software development, generating code that ranges from short snippets to substantial project components. As AI-generated code becomes more common in real-world repositories, it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Tianhao Mao , Dongfang Zhao , Haixu Tang , Xiaofeng Wang , Hang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as OpenAI Codex are increasingly being used as AI-based coding assistants. Understanding the impact of these tools on developers' code is paramount, especially as recent work showed that LLMs may suggest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Gustavo Sandoval , Hammond Pearce , Teo Nys , Ramesh Karri , Siddharth Garg , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt

Large language models (LLMs) and their agentic frameworks are increasingly adopted to perform development tasks such as automated program repair (APR). While prior work has identified security risks in LLM-generated code, most have focused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Amirali Sajadi , Kostadin Damevski , Preetha Chatterjee

Large Language Model (LLMs) such as ChatGPT that exhibit generative AI capabilities are facing accelerated adoption and innovation. The increased presence of Generative AI (GAI) inevitably raises concerns about the risks and safety…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Jaymari Chua , Yun Li , Shiyi Yang , Chen Wang , Lina Yao

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in software development, yet their tendency to generate insecure code remains a major barrier to real-world deployment. Existing secure code alignment methods often suffer from a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Tianyi Wu , Mingzhe Du , Yue Liu , Chengran Yang , Terry Yue Zhuo , Jiaheng Zhang , See-Kiong Ng

Rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has achieved major advances in reasoning, planning, and function-calling capabilities. Multi-agentic collaborative frameworks using such LLMs place them at the center of solving software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Swapnil Shinde , Sahil Wadhwa , Andy Luo , Akshay Gupta , Mohammad Shahed Sorower

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed code generation. However, most existing approaches focus on mainstream languages such as Python and Java, neglecting the Solidity language, the predominant programming language for Ethereum…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Zhiyuan Peng , Xin Yin , Rui Qian , Peiqin Lin , Yongkang Liu , Hao Zhang , Chenhao Ying , Yuan Luo

Large language models (LLMs) excel at generating code from natural language instructions, yet they often lack an understanding of security vulnerabilities. This limitation makes it difficult for LLMs to avoid security risks in generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Lingxiang Wang , Hainan Zhang , Qinnan Zhang , Ziwei Wang , Hongwei Zheng , Jin Dong , Zhiming Zheng
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