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An important feature of kernel mean embeddings (KME) is that the rate of convergence of the empirical KME to the true distribution KME can be bounded independently of the dimension of the space, properties of the distribution and smoothness…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Geoffrey Wolfer , Pierre Alquier

We introduce kernel density machines (KDM), an agnostic kernel-based framework for learning the Radon-Nikodym derivative (density) between probability measures under minimal assumptions. KDM applies to general measurable spaces and avoids…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-27 Andrea Della Vecchia , Damir Filipovic , Paul Schneider

Motivated by the problem of fast processing of attention matrices, we study fast algorithms for computing matrix-vector products for asymmetric Gaussian Kernel matrices $K\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$. $K$'s columns are indexed by a set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Piotr Indyk , Michael Kapralov , Kshiteej Sheth , Tal Wagner

Consistency of the kernel density estimator requires that the kernel bandwidth tends to zero as the sample size grows. In this paper we investigate the question of whether consistency is possible when the bandwidth is fixed, if we consider…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-30 Efrén Cruz Cortés , Clayton Scott

The Gaussian kernel plays a central role in machine learning, uncertainty quantification and scattered data approximation, but has received relatively little attention from a numerical analysis standpoint. The basic problem of finding an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Toni Karvonen , Chris J. Oates , Mark Girolami

The ensemble Gaussian mixture filter (EnGMF) is a non-linear filter suited to data assimilation of highly non-Gaussian and non-linear models that has practical utility in the case of a small number of samples, and theoretical convergence to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-03 Andrey A. Popov , Enrico M. Zucchelli , Renato Zanetti

We consider linear approximation based on function evaluations in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces of certain analytic weighted power series kernels and stationary kernels on the interval $[-1,1]$. Both classes contain the popular Gaussian…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Toni Karvonen , Yuya Suzuki

In the this paper, the authors propose to estimate the density of a targeted population with a weighted kernel density estimator (wKDE) based on a weighted sample. Bandwidth selection for wKDE is discussed. Three mean integrated squared…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-11-28 Bin Wang , Xiaofeng Wang

We propose a novel method for density estimation that leverages an estimated score function to debias kernel density estimation (SD-KDE). In our approach, each data point is adjusted by taking a single step along the score function with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Elliot L. Epstein , Rajat Dwaraknath , Thanawat Sornwanee , John Winnicki , Jerry Weihong Liu

This work proposes a framework LGKDE that learns kernel density estimation for graphs. The key challenge in graph density estimation lies in effectively capturing both structural patterns and semantic variations while maintaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xudong Wang , Ziheng Sun , Chris Ding , Jicong Fan

The reconstruction of smooth density fields from scattered data points is a procedure that has multiple applications in a variety of disciplines, including Lagrangian (particle-based) models of solute transport in fluids. In random walk…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Guillem Sole-Mari , Diogo Bolster , Daniel Fernàndez-Garcia , Xavier Sanchez-Vila

In this paper, we construct a moment inequality for mixing dependent random variables, it is of independent interest. As applications, the consistency of the kernel density estimation is investigated. Several limit theorems are established:…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Yuexu Zhao , Zhengyan Lin

Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach is frequently used within Bayesian framework to sample the target posterior distribution. Its efficiency strongly depends on the proposal used to build the chain. The best jump proposal is the one that…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-01 Mikel Falxa , Stanislav Babak , Maude Le Jeune

We present a model for generating probabilistic forecasts by combining kernel density estimation (KDE) and quantile regression techniques, as part of the probabilistic load forecasting track of the Global Energy Forecasting Competition…

Applications · Statistics 2016-10-18 Stephen Haben , Georgios Giasemidis

Gaussian Process (GP) kernels are central to Bayesian optimization (BO), yet designing effective kernels for high-dimensional problems still relies on extensive manual engineering. Existing automated approaches struggle in high dimensions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Taeyoung Yun , Woocheol Shin , Inhyuck Song , Jaewoo Lee , Jinkyoo Park

This study proposes multivariate kernel density estimation by stagewise minimization algorithm based on $U$-divergence and a simple dictionary. The dictionary consists of an appropriate scalar bandwidth matrix and a part of the original…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-11 Kiheiji Nishida , Kanta Naito

We introduce a fast algorithm for Gaussian process regression in low dimensions, applicable to a widely-used family of non-stationary kernels. The non-stationarity of these kernels is induced by arbitrary spatially-varying vertical and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-28 P. Michael Kielstra , Michael Lindsey

The \emph{Fast Gaussian Transform} (FGT) enables subquadratic-time multiplication of an $n\times n$ Gaussian kernel matrix $\mathsf{K}_{i,j}= \exp ( - \| x_i - x_j \|_2^2 ) $ with an arbitrary vector $h \in \mathbb{R}^n$, where $x_1,\dots,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Baihe Huang , Zhao Song , Omri Weinstein , Junze Yin , Hengjie Zhang , Ruizhe Zhang

We present xokde++, a state-of-the-art online kernel density estimation approach that maintains Gaussian mixture models input data streams. The approach follows state-of-the-art work on online density estimation, but was redesigned with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-10 Jaime Ferreira , David Martins de Matos , Ricardo Ribeiro

We propose a generalization of our previous KDE (kernel density estimation) method for estimating luminosity functions (LFs). This new upgrade further extend the application scope of our KDE method, making it a very flexible approach which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-18 Zunli Yuan , Xibin Zhang , Jiancheng Wang , Xiangming Cheng , Wenjie Wang