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The growing demand for real-time processing in artificial intelligence applications, particularly those involving Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), has highlighted the need for efficient computational solutions. Conventional processors,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Angelos Athanasiadis , Nikolaos Tampouratzis , Ioannis Papaefstathiou

Edge training of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is a desirable goal for continuous learning; however, it is hindered by the enormous computational power required by training. Hardware approximate multipliers have shown their effectiveness for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Jing Gong , Hassaan Saadat , Hasindu Gamaarachchi , Haris Javaid , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Sri Parameswaran

Optical and optoelectronic approaches of performing matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) operations have shown the great promise of accelerating machine learning (ML) algorithms with unprecedented performance. The incorporation of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Weilu Gao , Cunxi Yu , Ruiyang Chen

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely used in deep learning applications, e.g. visual systems, robotics etc. However, existing software solutions are not efficient. Therefore, many hardware accelerators have been proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Sasindu Wijeratne , Sandaruwan Jayaweera , Mahesh Dananjaya , Ajith Pasqual

General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) is a fundamental operation widely used in scientific computations. Its performance and accuracy significantly impact the performance and accuracy of applications that depend on it. One such application…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Fumiya Kono , Naohito Nakasato , Maho Nakata

The increasing interest in TinyML, i.e., near-sensor machine learning on power budgets of a few tens of mW, is currently pushing toward enabling TinyML-class training as opposed to inference only. Current training algorithms, based on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yvan Tortorella , Luca Bertaccini , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi , Francesco Conti

This work presents a novel reconfigurable architecture for Low Latency Graph Neural Network (LL-GNN) designs for particle detectors, delivering unprecedented low latency performance. Incorporating FPGA-based GNNs into particle detectors…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Zhiqiang Que , Hongxiang Fan , Marcus Loo , He Li , Michaela Blott , Maurizio Pierini , Alexander Tapper , Wayne Luk

FPGAs have been shown to be a promising platform for deploying Quantised Neural Networks (QNNs) with high-speed, low-latency, and energy-efficient inference. However, the complexity of modern deep-learning models limits the performance on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Changhong Li , Biswajit Basu , Shreejith Shanker

Approximate computing is a new computing paradigm. One important area of it is designing approximate circuits for FPGA. Modern FPGAs support dual-output LUT, which can significantly reduce the area of FPGA designs. Several existing works…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Jian Shi , Xuan Wang , Chang Meng , Weikang Qian

The matrix element method utilizes ab initio calculations of probability densities as powerful discriminants for processes of interest in experimental particle physics. The method has already been used successfully at previous and current…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Doug Schouten , Adam DeAbreu , Bernd Stelzer

Deep neural networks virtually dominate the domain of most modern vision systems, providing high performance at a cost of increased computational complexity.Since for those systems it is often required to operate both in real-time and with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Dominika Przewlocka-Rus , Tomasz Kryjak

Modern transformer-based deep neural networks present unique technical challenges for effective acceleration in real-world applications. Apart from the vast amount of linear operations needed due to their sizes, modern transformer models…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jiajun Wu , Mo Song , Jingmin Zhao , Yizhao Gao , Jia Li , Hayden Kwok-Hay So

Fault-tolerant Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) promise to deliver exponential speed-ups in select computational tasks, yet their integration into modern deep learning pipelines remains unclear. In this work, we take a step towards bridging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Arthur G. Rattew , Po-Wei Huang , Naixu Guo , Lirandë Pira , Patrick Rebentrost

The substantial memory bandwidth and computational demands of large language models (LLMs) present critical challenges for efficient inference. To tackle this, the literature has explored heterogeneous systems that combine neural processing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yuzong Chen , Chao Fang , Xilai Dai , Yuheng Wu , Thierry Tambe , Marian Verhelst , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

General matrix multiplication (GEMM) is a fundamental operation in deep learning (DL). With DL moving increasingly toward low precision, recent works have proposed novel unary GEMM designs as an alternative to conventional binary GEMM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Prabhu Vellaisamy , Harideep Nair , Di Wu , Shawn Blanton , John Paul Shen

Sparse General Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpGEMM) is a fundamental operation in numerous scientific computing and data analytics applications, often bottlenecked by irregular memory access patterns. This paper presents Hash based…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shiju Li , Younghoon Min , Hane Yie , Hoshik Kim , Soohong Ahn , Joonseop Sim , Chul-Ho Lee , Jongryool Kim

The fast proliferation of extreme-edge applications using Deep Learning (DL) based algorithms required dedicated hardware to satisfy extreme-edge applications' latency, throughput, and precision requirements. While inference is achievable…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yvan Tortorella , Luca Bertaccini , Davide Rossi , Luca Benini , Francesco Conti

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved extraordinary performance in various application domains. To support diverse DNN models, efficient implementations of DNN inference on edge-computing platforms, e.g., ASICs, FPGAs, and embedded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Sung-En Chang , Yanyu Li , Mengshu Sun , Runbin Shi , Hayden K. -H. So , Xuehai Qian , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) with Mixture-of-Expert (MoE) architectures achieve superior model performance with reduced computation costs, but at the cost of high memory capacity and bandwidth requirements. Near-Memory Processing (NMP)…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Haochen Huang , Shuzhang Zhong , Zhe Zhang , Shuangchen Li , Dimin Niu , Hongzhong Zheng , Runsheng Wang , Meng Li

With the increasing computational demands of neural networks, many hardware accelerators for the neural networks have been proposed. Such existing neural network accelerators often focus on popular neural network types such as convolutional…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Tae Jun Ham , Sung Jun Jung , Seonghak Kim , Young H. Oh , Yeonhong Park , Yoonho Song , Jung-Hun Park , Sanghee Lee , Kyoung Park , Jae W. Lee , Deog-Kyoon Jeong