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Optimal transport (OT) measures distances between distributions in a way that depends on the geometry of the sample space. In light of recent advances in computational OT, OT distances are widely used as loss functions in machine learning.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-22 Debarghya Mukherjee , Aritra Guha , Justin Solomon , Yuekai Sun , Mikhail Yurochkin

Second-order optimization methods are among the most widely used optimization approaches for convex optimization problems, and have recently been used to optimize non-convex optimization problems such as deep learning models. The widely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-01 Dinesh Singh , Hardik Tankaria , Makoto Yamada

Motivated, in particular, by the entropy-regularized optimal transport problem, we consider convex optimization problems with linear equality constraints, where the dual objective has Lipschitz $p$-th order derivatives, and develop two…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-11 Pavel Dvurechensky , Petr Ostroukhov , Alexander Gasnikov , César A. Uribe , Anastasiya Ivanova

We present a coupled system of ODEs which, when discretized with a constant time step/learning rate, recovers Nesterov's accelerated gradient descent algorithm. The same ODEs, when discretized with a decreasing learning rate, leads to novel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-02 Maxime Laborde , Adam M. Oberman

This article examines the implicit regularization effect of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). We consider the case of SGD without replacement, the variant typically used to optimize large-scale neural networks. We analyze this algorithm in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Pierfrancesco Beneventano

In this paper, we propose and analyze zeroth-order stochastic approximation algorithms for nonconvex and convex optimization, with a focus on addressing constrained optimization, high-dimensional setting and saddle-point avoiding. To handle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-16 Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Saeed Ghadimi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms allow artificial agents to improve their action selections so as to increase rewarding experiences in their environments. Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithms require solving a nonconvex and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Jacob Rafati , Roummel F. Marcia

In this paper, we study stochastic non-convex optimization with non-convex random functions. Recent studies on non-convex optimization revolve around establishing second-order convergence, i.e., converging to a nearly second-order optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-11-02 Mingrui Liu , Tianbao Yang

In this paper, we introduce a Homogeneous Second-Order Descent Method (HSODM) using the homogenized quadratic approximation to the original function. The merit of homogenization is that only the leftmost eigenvector of a gradient-Hessian…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Chuwen Zhang , Dongdong Ge , Chang He , Bo Jiang , Yuntian Jiang , Chenyu Xue , Yinyu Ye

While the superior performance of second-order optimization methods such as Newton's method is well known, they are hardly used in practice for deep learning because neither assembling the Hessian matrix nor calculating its inverse is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Siyuan Shen , Tianjia Shao , Kun Zhou , Chenfanfu Jiang , Feng Luo , Yin Yang

We develop and analyze several different second-order algorithms for computing a near-optimal solution path of a convex parametric optimization problem with smooth Hessian. Our algorithms are inspired by a differential equation perspective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Heyuan Liu , Paul Grigas

First-order algorithms have been popular for solving convex and non-convex optimization problems. A key assumption for the majority of these algorithms is that the gradient of the objective function is globally Lipschitz continuous, but…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Junyu Zhang , Mingyi Hong

Neural stochastic differential equation model with a Brownian motion term can capture epistemic uncertainty of deep neural network from the perspective of a dynamical system. The goal of this paper is to improve the convergence rate of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Daili Sheng , Minghui Song , Xiang Peng , Xuanqi Dong

This paper investigates online algorithms for smooth time-varying optimization problems, focusing first on methods with constant step-size, momentum, and extrapolation-length. Assuming strong convexity, precise results for the tracking…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-16 Liam Madden , Stephen Becker , Emiliano Dall'Anese

Fractional-order stochastic gradient descent (FOSGD) leverages fractional exponents to capture long-memory effects in optimization. However, its utility is often limited by the difficulty of tuning and stabilizing these exponents. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Mohammad Partohaghighi , Roummel Marcia , YangQuan Chen

We study Neural Optimal Transport in infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In non-regular settings, Semi-dual Neural OT often generates spurious solutions that fail to accurately capture target distributions. We analytically characterize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jae-Hwan Choi , Jiwoo Yoon , Dohyun Kwon , Jaewoong Choi

Stochastic optimization methods have become a class of popular optimization tools in machine learning. Especially, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been widely used for machine learning problems such as training neural networks due to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-26 Qingsong Zhang , Feihu Huang , Cheng Deng , Heng Huang

Many machine learning problems involve data supported on curved spaces such as spheres, rotation groups, hyperbolic spaces, and general Riemannian manifolds, where Euclidean geometry can distort distances, averages, and the resulting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-07 Alessandro Micheli , Silvia Sapora , Anthea Monod , Samir Bhatt

In this paper, we propose a new accelerated stochastic first-order method called clipped-SSTM for smooth convex stochastic optimization with heavy-tailed distributed noise in stochastic gradients and derive the first high-probability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-26 Eduard Gorbunov , Marina Danilova , Alexander Gasnikov

Semi-discrete optimal transport (SOT), which maps a continuous probability measure to a discrete one, is a fundamental problem with wide-ranging applications. Entropic regularization is often employed to solve the SOT problem, leading to a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-01 Moaad Khamlich , Francesco Romor , Gianluigi Rozza