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Nowadays, this is very popular to use the deep architectures in machine learning. Deep Belief Networks (DBNs) are deep architectures that use stack of Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) to create a powerful generative model using training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-07 Mohammad Ali Keyvanrad , Mohammad Mehdi Homayounpour

Nowadays, we are witnessing an increasing effort to improve the performance and trustworthiness of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), with the aim to enable their adoption in safety critical systems such as self-driving cars. Multiple testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Houssem Ben Braiek , Foutse Khomh

In the past few years, significant progress has been made on deep neural networks (DNNs) in achieving human-level performance on several long-standing tasks. With the broader deployment of DNNs on various applications, the concerns over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Xiaowei Huang , Daniel Kroening , Wenjie Ruan , James Sharp , Youcheng Sun , Emese Thamo , Min Wu , Xinping Yi

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are instrumental in realizing complex perception systems. As many of these applications are safety-critical by design, engineering rigor is required to ensure that the functional insufficiency of the DNN-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Chih-Hong Cheng , Michael Luttenberger , Rongjie Yan

Understanding properties of deep neural networks is an important challenge in deep learning. In this paper, we take a step in this direction by proposing a rigorous way of verifying properties of a popular class of neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-04 Nina Narodytska , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Leonid Ryzhyk , Mooly Sagiv , Toby Walsh

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have a wide range of applications, and software employing them must be thoroughly tested, especially in safety-critical domains. However, traditional software test coverage metrics cannot be applied directly to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Youcheng Sun , Xiaowei Huang , Daniel Kroening , James Sharp , Matthew Hill , Rob Ashmore

Quantifying uncertainty in a model's predictions is important as it enables the safety of an AI system to be increased by acting on the model's output in an informed manner. This is crucial for applications where the cost of an error is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Aria Khoshsirat

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become increasingly popular in recent years. However, despite their many successes, DNNs may also err and produce incorrect and potentially fatal outputs in safety-critical settings, such as autonomous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Idan Refaeli , Guy Katz

Training a deep neural network (DNN) often involves stochastic optimization, which means each run will produce a different model. Several works suggest this variability is negligible when models have the same performance, which in the case…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-03 Sinjini Banerjee , Reilly Cannon , Tim Marrinan , Tony Chiang , Anand D. Sarwate

Verification of Neural Networks (NNs) that approximate the solution of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is a major milestone towards enhancing their trustworthiness and accelerating their deployment, especially for safety-critical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-13 Petros Ellinas , Rahul Nellikath , Ignasi Ventura , Jochen Stiasny , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

With the rapid growth of machine learning, deep neural networks (DNNs) are now being used in numerous domains. Unfortunately, DNNs are "black-boxes", and cannot be interpreted by humans, which is a substantial concern in safety-critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Shahaf Bassan , Guy Katz

Neural network verification is a new and rapidly developing field of research. So far, the main priority has been establishing efficient verification algorithms and tools, while proper support from the programming language perspective has…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become a proven and indispensable machine learning tool. As a black-box model, it remains difficult to diagnose what aspects of the model's input drive the decisions of a DNN. In countless real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Gabrielle Ras , Ning Xie , Marcel van Gerven , Derek Doran

The reliability of software that has a Deep Neural Network (DNN) as a component is urgently important today given the increasing number of critical applications being deployed with DNNs. The need for reliability raises a need for rigorous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Swaroopa Dola , Matthew B. Dwyer , Mary Lou Soffa

Deep learning (DL) models have received particular attention in medical imaging due to their promising pattern recognition capabilities. However, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) require a huge amount of data, and because of the lack of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-27 Donya Khaledyan , AmirReza Tajally , Ali Sarkhosh , Afshar Shamsi , Hamzeh Asgharnezhad , Abbas Khosravi , Saeid Nahavandi

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown lack of robustness for the vulnerability of their classification to small perturbations on the inputs. This has led to safety concerns of applying DNNs to safety-critical domains. Several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Jianlin Li , Pengfei Yang , Jiangchao Liu , Liqian Chen , Xiaowei Huang , Lijun Zhang

We investigate the computational complexity of neural network verification in quantised settings. We distinguish three classes of Feedforward Neural Networks (FNNs): rational FNNs with exact rational weights, quantised FNNs whose weights…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Eric Alsmann , Martin Lange , Marco Sälzer

Deep neural networks (DNNs) exhibit high performance in image recognition; however, the reasons for their strong generalization abilities remain unclear. A plausible hypothesis is that DNNs achieve robust and accurate predictions by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Keisuke Kawano , Takuro Kutsuna , Keisuke Sano

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in various application domains such as image processing, speech recognition, and natural language processing. However, testing DNN models may be challenging due to the complexity and size of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Zohreh Aghababaeyan , Manel Abdellatif , Mahboubeh Dadkhah , Lionel Briand