Related papers: A braidoid equivalence for spherical knotoids
We consider several classes of knotted objects, namely usual, virtual and welded pure braids and string links, and two equivalence relations on those objects, induced by either self-crossing changes or self-virtualizations. We provide a…
Given a category with a bifunctor and natural isomorphisms for associativity, commutativity and left and right identity we do not assume that extra constraining diagrams hold. We introduce groupoids of coupling trees to describe a version…
We give an alternative presentation of braided monoidal categories. Instead of the usual associativity and braiding we have just one constraint (the b-structure). In the unital case, the coherence conditions for a b-structure are shown to…
We present those properties of planar doodles, especially when regarded as 4-valent graphs, that enable us to classify them into {\it prime} and {\it super prime} doodles by analogy to a knot sum. We describe a method for partially…
Virtual braids are a combinatorial generalization of braids. We present abstract braids as equivalence classes of braid diagrams on a surface, joining two distinguished boundary components. They are identified up to isotopy, compatibility,…
Algebras associated with Quantum Electrodynamics and other gauge theories share some mathematical features with T-duality Exploiting this different perspective and some category theory, the full algebra of fermions and bosons can be…
In this paper we establish the equivalence of solutions between Schr\"odinger map into $\mathbb{S}^2$ or $ \mathbb{H}^2$ and their associated gauge invariant Schr\"odinger equations. We also establish the existence of global weak solutions…
It is shown that two braids represent transversally isotopic links if and only if one can pass from one braid to another by conjugations in braid groups, positive Markov moves, and their inverses.
We construct a map from knots to (abstract) 2-knots which can be extended to higher dimensions; this map is the natural "knot" counterpart for "braid" theory of groups $G_{n}^{k}$.
Using the theory of perverse sheaves of vanishing cycles, we define a homological invariant of knots in three-manifolds, similar to the three-manifold invariant constructed by Abouzaid and the second author. We use spaces of SL(2,C) flat…
Laundry surfaces for closed braid diagrams are presented. It is shown that braid diagrams are characterized by linking matrices obtained by lifting cycles from these surfaces. Oriented link types are then characterized by equivalence…
In this article, we propose the approach to structural optimization of neural networks, based on the braid theory. The paper describes the basics of braid theory as applied to the description of graph structures of neural networks. It is…
Calculi of string diagrams are increasingly used to present the syntax and algebraic structure of various families of circuits, including signal flow graphs, electrical circuits and quantum processes. In many such approaches, the semantic…
We establish an equivalence of homotopy theories between symmetric monoidal bicategories and connective spectra. For this, we develop the theory of $\Gamma$-objects in 2-categories. In the course of the proof we establish strictfication…
A companion paper to "On knot Floer homology in branched double covers" applied to braided branched loci. We reprove the main result of that paper concerning alternating branched loci when projected to an annulus, without using Khovanov…
The main result of this article is that any braided (resp. annular, planar) diagram group $D$ splits as a short exact sequence $1 \to R \to D \to S \to 1$ where $R$ is a subgroup of some right-angled Artin group and $S$ a subgroup of…
The theory of the Kauffman bracket, which describes the Jones polynomial as a sum over closed circles formed by the planar resolution of vertices in a knot diagram, can be straightforwardly lifted from sl(2) to sl(N) at arbitrary N -- but…
We generalize Ng's two-variable algebraic/combinatorial $0$-th framed knot contact homology for framed oriented knots in $S^3$ to knots in $S^1 \times S^2$, and prove that the resulting knot invariant is the same as the framed cord algebra…
The Alexander theorem (1923) and the Markov theorem (1936) are two classical results in knot theory that show respectively that every link is the closure of a braid and that braids that have the same closure are related by a finite number…
We prove analogues of the fundamental theorem of algebraic K-theory for the second and third homology of SL_2 over an infinite field k. The statements involve Milnor-Witt K-theory and scissors congruence groups. We use these results to…