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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has unveiled unexpectedly massive galaxy candidates at high redshifts, challenging standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmological predictions. In this work, we study the predictions of more realistic dark matter…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-17 Saeed Fakhry , Reyhaneh Vojoudi Salmani , Javad T. Firouzjaee

Reionization is thought to have occurred in the redshift range of $6 < z < 9$, which is now being probed by both deep galaxy surveys and CMB observations. Using halo abundance matching over the redshift range $5<z<8$ and assuming smooth,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-04 Guochao Sun , Steven R. Furlanetto

The early-science observations made by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed an excess of ultra-massive galaxy candidates that appear to challenge the standard cosmological model ($\Lambda$CDM). Here, we argue that any…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-14 Nashwan Sabti , Julian B. Muñoz , Marc Kamionkowski

The elevated UV luminosity functions (UVLF) from recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have challenged the viability of existing theoretical models. To address this, we use a semi-analytical framework -- which couples a physically…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Ankita Bera , Sultan Hassan , Robert Feldmann , Romeel Davé , Kristian Finlator

Early results from the JWST observations have reported a surprisingly high number of UV-bright galaxies at $z \geq 10$, which appears to challenge the theoretical predictions from standard galaxy formation models in the $\Lambda$CDM…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-30 Anirban Chakraborty , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

Early JWST observations have revealed substantial numbers of galaxies out to redshifts as high as $z \simeq 14$, reflecting a slow evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function (LF) not anticipated by many models of galaxy evolution. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-16 C. T. Donnan , J. S. Dunlop , R. J. McLure , D. J. McLeod , F. Cullen

Early JWST observations that targeted so-called double-break sources (attributed to Lyman and Balmer breaks at $z>7$), reported a previously unknown population of very massive, evolved high-redshift galaxies. This surprising discovery led…

A major scientific goal of JWST is to probe the epoch of re-ionization of the Universe at z above 6, and up to 20 and beyond. At these redshifts, galaxies are just beginning to form and the observable objects are early black holes,…

Spectra of the highest redshift galaxies taken with JWST are now allowing us to see into the heart of the reionization epoch. Many of these observed galaxies exhibit strong damping wing absorption redward of their Lyman-$\alpha$ emission.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-14 Laura C. Keating , James S. Bolton , Fergus Cullen , Martin G. Haehnelt , Ewald Puchwein , Girish Kulkarni

An unprecedented array of new observational capabilities are starting to yield key constraints on models of the epoch of first light in the Universe. In this Letter we discuss the implications of the UV radiation background at cosmic dawn…

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) discovered several luminous high-redshift galaxy candidates with stellar masses of $M_{*} \gtrsim 10^{9} \, \rm{M_{\odot}}$ at photometric redshifts $z_{\mathrm{phot}} \gtrsim 10$ which allows to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-30 Moritz Haslbauer , Pavel Kroupa , Akram Hasani Zonoozi , Hosein Haghi

Recent observations from the James Webb Space Telescope have identified a population of massive galaxy sources ($\mathrm{>10^{10}\ M_\odot}$) at $z>7-10$, formed less than 700 Myr after the Big Bang. Such massive galaxies do not have enough…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-25 A. A. Coley

Early data from JWST have revealed a bevy of high-redshift galaxy candidates with unexpectedly high stellar masses. An immediate concern is the consistency of these candidates with galaxy formation in the standard cosmological model. In the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Michael Boylan-Kolchin

This conference proceedings paper provides a short summary of the constraints presented in Menci et al. 2016, 2017 on the mass of thermal WDM candidates, and of the results presented in Romanello et al. 2021 on how Reionization scenarios…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-11 Marco Castellano , Nicola Menci , Massimiliano Romanello

Reducing the power on small scales relative to the `standard' LCDM model alleviates a number of possible discrepancies with observations, and is favored by the recent analysis of WMAP plus galaxy and Lyman-alpha forest data. Here, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Rachel S. Somerville , James S. Bullock , Mario Livio

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is reporting massive high redshift galaxies that appear challenging from the $\Lambda$CDM perspective. Interpreted as a cosmological problem, this necessitates the Planck collaboration underestimating…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-02 Eoin Ó Colgáin , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari , Lu Yin

A significant excess of the stellar mass density at high redshift has been discovered from the early data release of James Webb Space Telescope ($\it{JWST}$), and it may require a high star formation efficiency. However, this will lead to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-31 Hengjie Lin , Yan Gong , Bin Yue , Xuelei Chen

James Webb Space Telescope's (JWST) observations since its launch have shown us that there could be very massive and very large galaxies, as well as massive quasars very early in the history of the universe, conflicting expectations of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-02 Selinay Sude Binici , Cemsinan Deliduman , Furkan Şakir Dilsiz

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has made startling discoveries regarding the early universe. It has revealed galaxies as soon as 300 million years after the Big Bang, challenging current galaxy formation models. Additionally, it has…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-04-19 Félix Llorente de Andrés